气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Influence of exhaust gas temperature and air-fuel ratio on NOₓ aftertreatment performance of five large passenger cars

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117878
	Influence of exhaust gas temperature and air-fuel ratio on NOₓ aftertreatment performance of five large passenger cars
	Mera Z.; Fonseca N.; Casanova J.; López J.-M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	244
英文摘要	Exhaust aftertreatment systems are crucial to ensuring real-world NOₓ emission limits for motor vehicles. Operating conditions constrain the NOₓ reduction performance of aftertreatment devices. This study analysed real-world NOₓ emissions, tailpipe exhaust gas temperatures, and air-fuel ratios during cold start in a closed-loop urban route, followed by hot-start real driving emissions (RDE) tests. Five Euro-6b sport utility vehicles (SUV) were tested: two gasoline vehicles with three-way catalyst (TWC), namely, one gasoline direct injection (G-DI) and one hybrid electric vehicle (HEV); three diesel vehicles with different NOₓ control systems, namely, only exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), lean-burn NOₓ trap (LNT), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The only-EGR- and LNT-equipped diesel vehicles and the G-DI vehicle surpassed the NOₓ Euro 6 limits in all tested sections. For the same vehicles, the total RDE emission factors were 9.0, 7.4, and 5.0 times the Euro 6 limits, respectively. In contrast, the diesel vehicle with SCR had an RDE emission factor 1.0 times the limit, and the HEV exhibited very low emissions at approximately 2 mg NOₓ km−1. However, during the cold start phase (first 5 min), the emission levels of the SCR and HEV vehicles surpassed the Euro 6 limits by 2.7 and 1.1 times, respectively. Based on the measurements at the tailpipe, the results indicate that cold start, urban driving, and cooling conditions of aftertreatment devices can lead to a decrease in the NOₓ conversion efficiency of TWC and SCR systems. The air-fuel ratio was key for the NOₓ conversion in TWC aftertreatment. The large differences between G-DI and HEV vehicles were primarily attributed to the lean and rich operations of the G-DI and HEV engines, respectively. To comply with stringent future regulations, lean-burn engines would require diesel-like aftertreatment. SCR and hybrid vehicles would require a careful aftertreatment thermal management or heating to further exploit their potential for reducing emissions in urban areas. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
关键词	Aftertreatment Cold start NOₓ Passenger cars Portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)Real driving emissions
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Automobile engines; Cooling systems; Diesel engines; Diesel locomotives; Direct injection; Exhaust gas recirculation; Gas emissions; Gasoline; Reduction; Selective catalytic reduction; Vehicle performance; Exhaust aftertreatment; Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR); Exhaust gas temperatures; Gasoline direct injection; Operating condition; Reducing emissions; Sport utility vehicles; Three way catalysts; Hybrid vehicles; ammonia; diesel fuel; fuel; gasoline; nitric oxide; zirconium; catalyst; cooling; detection method; electric vehicle; equipment; nitric oxide; performance assessment; reduction; temperature effect; air quality; Article; car; catalyst; combustion; cooling; cross allergy; environmental temperature; exhaust gas; heat loss; heat transfer; heating; highway; priority journal; temperature; thermodynamics; urban area; velocity; warming
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248865
作者单位	University Institute for Automobile Research (INSIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain; Department of Energy and Fuels, Mining and Energy Engineering School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28003, Spain; Department of Energy Engineering, Industrial Engineering School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28006, Spain; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Engineering School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28006, Spain; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra, 100105, Ecuador
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mera Z.,Fonseca N.,Casanova J.,et al. Influence of exhaust gas temperature and air-fuel ratio on NOₓ aftertreatment performance of five large passenger cars[J],2021,244.
APA	Mera Z.,Fonseca N.,Casanova J.,&López J.-M..(2021).Influence of exhaust gas temperature and air-fuel ratio on NOₓ aftertreatment performance of five large passenger cars.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,244.
MLA	Mera Z.,et al."Influence of exhaust gas temperature and air-fuel ratio on NOₓ aftertreatment performance of five large passenger cars".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 244(2021).