气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Long-term monitoring of precipitation chemistry in the U.S.: Insights into changes and condition

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118031
	Long-term monitoring of precipitation chemistry in the U.S.: Insights into changes and condition
	Likens G.E.; Butler T.J.; Claybrooke R.; Vermeylen F.; Larson R.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	245
英文摘要	Continuous monitoring of precipitation chemistry began at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH in June 1963, and it was there that acid rain was discovered in North America. Some independent monitoring of precipitation chemistry in central New York was done in 1970–1971. The MAP3S network (Charlottesville, VA, Ithaca, NY, Penn State, PA, Whiteface Mt., NY) began in 1976 and became part of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) in 1992. Using data from these long-term sites, and other published information, we show the status and temporal change of precipitation chemistry in the northeastern U.S. from 1963 to present. Combining records from all stations and networks gave better insights into the status and temporal trends of precipitation chemistry for the region particularly as detailed regional maps could be constructed from these data. Early maps of predicted pH (1955-56 and 1965-66) and individually measured pH values (1975-76), as well as cartoons provided important visual information about the occurrence and spread of acid rain in the northeastern U.S. These indicators of changing atmospheric chemistry were key in initiating federal policy necessary for improving air quality and for reducing atmospheric pollutant loading, which had led to acid rain in this area, starting in the 1950s. Analyzing combined records from Hubbard Brook and the 5 longest operating MAP3S/AIRMoN sites (IL11, NY67, DE02, PA15 and TN00) with a random coefficient model showed overall declines in annual concentrations of H+, SO42− and NO3− from 1981 to 2017 of 85%, 80% and 66%, respectively. Calcium concentration declined by 14% and NH4+ showed no change during this period. Dry deposition of sulfur, NO3− and Ca2+ measured at co-located Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) sites showed declines of 87%, 64% and <1%, respectively, during 2000–2017. As precipitation and air chemistry networks expanded to include the entire US (and Canada), dramatic improvements in precipitation chemistry nationwide, brought about by federal, clean air legislation, have been clearly documented. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
关键词	Acid rain Daily precipitation chemistry Dry deposition Hubbard Brook experimental forest NADP/AIRMoN Trends in precipitation chemistry
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Acid rain; Air quality; Deposition; Meteorological problems; Atmospheric pollutants; Calcium concentration; Continuous monitoring; Hubbard Brook experimental forest; Long term monitoring; National atmospheric deposition programs; Precipitation chemistry; Random coefficients; Atmospheric chemistry; calcium ion; nitrate; sulfur; acid rain; air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric pollution; calcium; concentration (composition); dry deposition; precipitation (chemistry); precipitation (climatology); precipitation quality; temporal variation; acid precipitation; acid rain; air monitoring; air pollutant; air quality; Article; atmospheric particulate matter; concentration (parameter); controlled study; dry deposition; law; priority journal; United States; Canada; Charlottesville; Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest; Ithaca [New York]; New Hampshire; New York [United States]; North America; United States; Virginia
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248740
作者单位	Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, United States; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, Urbana, IL, United States; Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Likens G.E.,Butler T.J.,Claybrooke R.,et al. Long-term monitoring of precipitation chemistry in the U.S.: Insights into changes and condition[J],2021,245.
APA	Likens G.E.,Butler T.J.,Claybrooke R.,Vermeylen F.,&Larson R..(2021).Long-term monitoring of precipitation chemistry in the U.S.: Insights into changes and condition.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,245.
MLA	Likens G.E.,et al."Long-term monitoring of precipitation chemistry in the U.S.: Insights into changes and condition".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 245(2021).