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DOI | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118454 |
Nitric acid dry deposition associated with equilibrium shift of ammonium nitrate above a forest by long-term measurement using relaxed eddy accumulation | |
Xu M.; Kasahara K.; Sorimachi A.; Matsuda K. | |
发表日期 | 2021 |
ISSN | 1352-2310 |
卷号 | 256 |
英文摘要 | The dry deposition process of nitrogen compounds still has considerable uncertainty due to the complex compound behavior in the atmosphere. To enhance understanding of the nitric acid (HNO3) dry deposition process that largely contributes to the total nitrogen deposition, we associate this process with the equilibrium shift of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) to HNO3 and ammonia (NH3) near the surface. We obtained the flux of HNO3 and PM2.5 components above a forest in suburban Tokyo using a relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system incorporating the denuder/filter-pack sampling technique. We conducted continuous samplings on a weekly basis over a long-term period, from October 14, 2016 to October 3, 2018, including leafy and leafless conditions. The measured deposition velocities of fine NO3− particles were significantly (p < 0.05) larger than those of fine SO42− particles and similar to those of HNO3, regardless of the leafy and leafless periods. The larger deposition velocities of fine NO3− particles caused by the equilibrium shift of NH4NO3 were found to be similar to previous measurements at the same site. The measured deposition velocities of HNO3 were low and included many emission cases compared to those of fine NO3− particles. The lower HNO3 deposition velocities were associated with the equilibrium shift of NH4NO3 to the gas phase, causing the suppressed deposition and apparent emission of HNO3, particularly during the leafless period. The emission of HNO3 is possibly due to high HNO3 concentration near the surface, which is attributed to a small removal of the leafless canopy. The turbulence enhanced both the upward and downward fluxes of HNO3. These results will contribute to the better understanding for the dynamics of the nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere and the accurate assessment for the nitrogen deposition. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd |
关键词 | AsiaDeciduous forestDeposition velocityHNO3REASemi-volatile aerosols |
语种 | 英语 |
scopus关键词 | Ammonia; Forestry; Nitrates; Nitric acid; Nitrogen removal; Ammonium nitrate; Asia; Deciduous forest; Deposition velocities; Dry deposition; Dry deposition process; Equilibrium-shift; HNO$-3$; Relaxed Eddy accumulation; Semi-volatile aerosols; Velocity; ammonia; ammonium nitrate; nitric acid; nitrogen derivative; ammonium nitrate; concentration (composition); detection method; dry deposition; forest ecosystem; measurement method; nitric acid; nitrogen compound; suburban area; Article; atmosphere; bioaccumulation; controlled study; dry deposition; forest; gas; Japan; nitrogen deposition; priority journal; surface property; velocity; Tokyo |
来源期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248405 |
作者单位 | United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture Field Science Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Integrated Center for Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Xu M.,Kasahara K.,Sorimachi A.,et al. Nitric acid dry deposition associated with equilibrium shift of ammonium nitrate above a forest by long-term measurement using relaxed eddy accumulation[J],2021,256. |
APA | Xu M.,Kasahara K.,Sorimachi A.,&Matsuda K..(2021).Nitric acid dry deposition associated with equilibrium shift of ammonium nitrate above a forest by long-term measurement using relaxed eddy accumulation.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,256. |
MLA | Xu M.,et al."Nitric acid dry deposition associated with equilibrium shift of ammonium nitrate above a forest by long-term measurement using relaxed eddy accumulation".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 256(2021). |
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