气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Temperature and tropopause characteristics from reanalyses data in the tropical tropopause layer

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/acp-20-753-2020
	Temperature and tropopause characteristics from reanalyses data in the tropical tropopause layer
	Tegtmeier S.; Anstey J.; Davis S.; Dragani R.; Harada Y.; Ivanciu I.; Pilch Kedzierski R.; Krüger K.; Legras B.; Long C.; Wang J.S.; Wargan K.; Wright J.S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	753
结束页码	770
卷号	20 期号:2
英文摘要	The tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is the transition region between the well-mixed convective troposphere and the radiatively controlled stratosphere with air masses showing chemical and dynamical properties of both regions. The representation of the TTL in meteorological reanalysis data sets is important for studying the complex interactions of circulation, convection, trace gases, clouds, and radiation. In this paper, we present the evaluation of climatological and long-term TTL temperature and tropopause characteristics in the reanalysis data sets ERA-Interim, ERA5, JRA-25, JRA-55, MERRA, MERRA-2, NCEP-NCAR (R1), and CFSR. The evaluation has been performed as part of the SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate) Reanalysis Intercomparison Project (S-RIP). The most recent atmospheric reanalysis data sets (ERAInterim, ERA5, JRA-55, MERRA-2, and CFSR) all provide realistic representations of the major characteristics of the temperature structure within the TTL. There is good agreement between reanalysis estimates of tropical mean temperatures and radio occultation data, with relatively small cold biases for most data sets. Temperatures at the cold point and lapse rate tropopause levels, on the other hand, show warm biases in reanalyses when compared to observations. This tropopause-level warm bias is related to the vertical resolution of the reanalysis data, with the smallest bias found for data sets with the highest vertical resolution around the tropopause. Differences in the cold point temperature maximize over equatorial Africa, related to Kelvin wave activity and associated disturbances in TTL temperatures. Interannual variability in reanalysis temperatures is best constrained in the upper TTL, with larger differences at levels below the cold point. The reanalyses reproduce the temperature responses to major dynamical and radiative signals such as volcanic eruptions and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). Long-term reanalysis trends in temperature in the upper TTL show good agreement with trends derived from adjusted radiosonde data sets indicating significant stratospheric cooling of around-0:5 to-1K per decade. At 100 hPa and the cold point, most of the reanalyses suggest small but significant cooling trends of-0:3 to-0:6K per decade that are statistically consistent with trends based on the adjusted radiosonde data sets. Advances of the reanalysis and observational systems over the last decades have led to a clear improvement in the TTL reanalysis products over time. Biases of the temperature profiles and differences in interannual variability clearly decreased in 2006, when densely sampled radio occultation data started being assimilated by the reanalyses. While there is an overall good agreement, different reanalyses offer different advantages in the TTL such as realistic profile and cold point temperature, continuous time series, or a realistic representation of signals of interannual variability. Their use in model simulations and in comparisons with climate model output should be tailored to their specific strengths and weaknesses. © Author(s) 2020.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	air mass; air temperature; climate modeling; climatology; Kelvin wave; radiosonde; stratosphere; temperature profile; tropopause
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248033
作者单位	GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany; Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, ECCCVIC, Canada; Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States; European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, RG2 9AX, United Kingdom; Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, 100-8122, Japan; Section for Meteorology and Oceanography, Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0315, Norway; Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, CNRS/(PSL-ENS, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique), Paris, France; Climate Prediction Center, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD 20740, United States; Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany; Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD 20706, United States; Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Code 610.1, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tegtmeier S.,Anstey J.,Davis S.,et al. Temperature and tropopause characteristics from reanalyses data in the tropical tropopause layer[J],2020,20(2).
APA	Tegtmeier S..,Anstey J..,Davis S..,Dragani R..,Harada Y..,...&Wright J.S..(2020).Temperature and tropopause characteristics from reanalyses data in the tropical tropopause layer.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,20(2).
MLA	Tegtmeier S.,et al."Temperature and tropopause characteristics from reanalyses data in the tropical tropopause layer".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 20.2(2020).