气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Changes in black carbon emissions over Europe due to COVID-19 lockdowns

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DOI	10.5194/acp-21-2675-2021
	Changes in black carbon emissions over Europe due to COVID-19 lockdowns
	Evangeliou N.; Platt S.M.; Eckhardt S.; Lund Myhre C.; Laj P.; Alados-Arboledas L.; Backman J.; Brem B.T.; Fiebig M.; Flentje H.; Marinoni A.; Pandolfi M.; Yus-Dìez J.; Prats N.; Putaud J.P.; Sellegri K.; Sorribas M.; Eleftheriadis K.; Vratolis S.; Wiedensohler A.; Stohl A.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	2675
结束页码	2692
卷号	21 期号:4
英文摘要	Following the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for COVID-19 in December 2019 in Wuhan (China) and its spread to the rest of the world, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic in March 2020. Without effective treatment in the initial pandemic phase, social distancing and mandatory quarantines were introduced as the only available preventative measure. In contrast to the detrimental societal impacts, air quality improved in all countries in which strict lockdowns were applied, due to lower pollutant emissions. Here we investigate the effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns in Europe on ambient black carbon (BC), which affects climate and damages health, using in situ observations from 17 European stations in a Bayesian inversion framework. BC emissions declined by 23 kt in Europe (20 % in Italy, 40 % in Germany, 34 % in Spain, 22 % in France) during lockdowns compared to the same period in the previous 5 years, which is partially attributed to COVID-19 measures. BC temporal variation in the countries enduring the most drastic restrictions showed the most distinct lockdown impacts. Increased particle light absorption in the beginning of the lockdown, confirmed by assimilated satellite and remote sensing data, suggests residential combustion was the dominant BC source. Accordingly, in central and Eastern Europe, which experienced lower than average temperatures, BC was elevated compared to the previous 5 years. Nevertheless, an average decrease of 11 % was seen for the whole of Europe compared to the start of the lockdown period, with the highest peaks in France (42 %), Germany (21 %), UK (13 %), Spain (11 %) and Italy (8 %). Such a decrease was not seen in the previous years, which also confirms the impact of COVID-19 on the European emissions of BC. © 2021 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	air quality; black carbon; carbon emission; COVID-19; health risk; respiratory disease; source apportionment; France; Germany; Italy; Spain; SARS coronavirus
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/247125
作者单位	Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway; University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, IGE, Grenoble, 38000, France; CNR-ISAC, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Bologna, Italy; Atmospheric Science Division, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland; Deutscher Wetterdienst, Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeissenberg, Albin-Schwaiger-Weg 10, Hohenpeissenberg, 82383, Germany; National Research Council of Italy (ISAC-CNR), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Bologna, 40121, Italy; Institute of Environmental Asses...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Evangeliou N.,Platt S.M.,Eckhardt S.,et al. Changes in black carbon emissions over Europe due to COVID-19 lockdowns[J],2021,21(4).
APA	Evangeliou N..,Platt S.M..,Eckhardt S..,Lund Myhre C..,Laj P..,...&Stohl A..(2021).Changes in black carbon emissions over Europe due to COVID-19 lockdowns.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,21(4).
MLA	Evangeliou N.,et al."Changes in black carbon emissions over Europe due to COVID-19 lockdowns".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21.4(2021).