气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Assessing and improving cloud-height-based parameterisations of global lightning flash rate, and their impact on lightning-produced NOxand tropospheric composition in a chemistry-climate model

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DOI	10.5194/acp-21-7053-2021
	Assessing and improving cloud-height-based parameterisations of global lightning flash rate, and their impact on lightning-produced NOxand tropospheric composition in a chemistry-climate model
	Luhar A.K.; Galbally I.E.; Woodhouse M.T.; Luke Abraham N.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	7053
结束页码	7082
卷号	21 期号:9
英文摘要	Although lightning-generated oxides of nitrogen (LNOx) account for only approximately 10% of the global NOx source, they have a disproportionately large impact on tropospheric photochemistry due to the conducive conditions in the tropical upper troposphere where lightning is mostly discharged. In most global composition models, lightning flash rates used to calculate LNOx are expressed in terms of convective cloud-top height via the Price and Rind (1992) (PR92) parameterisations for land and ocean, where the oceanic parameterisation is known to greatly underestimate flash rates. We conduct a critical assessment of flashrate parameterisations that are based on cloud-top height and validate them within the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator - United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (ACCESS-UKCA) global chemistry-climate model using the Lightning Imaging Sensor and Optical Transient Detector (LIS/OTD) satellite data. While the PR92 parameterisation for land yields satisfactory predictions, the oceanic parameterisation, as expected, underestimates the observed flash-rate density severely, yielding a global average over the ocean of 0.33 flashes s-1 compared to the observed 9.16 flashes s-1 and leading to LNOx being underestimated proportionally. We formulate new flash-rate parameterisations following Boccippio's (2002) scaling relationships between thunderstorm electrical generator power and storm geometry coupled with available data. The new parameterisation for land performs very similarly to the corresponding PR92 one, as would be expected, whereas the new oceanic parameterisation simulates the flash-rate observations much more accurately, giving a global average over the ocean of 8.84 flashes s-1. The use of the improved flash-rate parameterisations in ACCESS-UKCA changes the modelled tropospheric composition - global LNOx increases from 4.8 to 6.6 TgNyr-1; the ozone (O3) burden increases by 8.5 %; there is an increase in the mid- to upper-tropospheric NOx by as much as 40 pptv, a 13% increase in the global hydroxyl radical (OH), a decrease in the methane lifetime by 6.7 %, and a decrease in the lower-tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) by 3 %-7 %. Compared to observations, the modelled tropospheric NOx and ozone in the Southern Hemisphere and over the ocean are improved by this new flash-rate parameterisation. © 2021 Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	atmospheric chemistry; chemical composition; climate modeling; lightning; nitrogen oxides; parameterization; satellite data; troposphere; Australia; United Kingdom
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/246907
作者单位	CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, VIC, Australia; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Luhar A.K.,Galbally I.E.,Woodhouse M.T.,et al. Assessing and improving cloud-height-based parameterisations of global lightning flash rate, and their impact on lightning-produced NOxand tropospheric composition in a chemistry-climate model[J],2021,21(9).
APA	Luhar A.K.,Galbally I.E.,Woodhouse M.T.,&Luke Abraham N..(2021).Assessing and improving cloud-height-based parameterisations of global lightning flash rate, and their impact on lightning-produced NOxand tropospheric composition in a chemistry-climate model.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,21(9).
MLA	Luhar A.K.,et al."Assessing and improving cloud-height-based parameterisations of global lightning flash rate, and their impact on lightning-produced NOxand tropospheric composition in a chemistry-climate model".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21.9(2021).