气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Aircraft measurements of aerosol and trace gas chemistry in the eastern North Atlantic

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DOI	10.5194/acp-21-7983-2021
	Aircraft measurements of aerosol and trace gas chemistry in the eastern North Atlantic
	Zawadowicz M.A.; Suski K.; Liu J.; Pekour M.; Fast J.; Mei F.; Sedlacek A.J.; Springston S.; Wang Y.; Zaveri R.A.; Wood R.; Wang J.; Shilling J.E.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	7983
结束页码	8002
卷号	21 期号:10
英文摘要	The Aerosol and Cloud Experiment in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) investigated properties of aerosols and subtropical marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds. Low subtropical marine clouds can have a large effect on Earth s radiative budget, but they are poorly represented in global climate models. In order to understand their radiative effects, it is imperative to understand the composition and sources of the MBL cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The campaign consisted of two intensive operation periods (IOPs) (June-July 2017 and January-February 2018) during which an instrumented G-1 aircraft was deployed from Lajes Field on Terceira Island in the Azores, Portugal. The G-1 conducted research flights in the vicinity of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) atmospheric observatory on Graciosa Island. An Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and Ionicon protontransfer- reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) were deployed aboard the aircraft, characterizing chemistry of nonrefractory aerosol and trace gases, respectively. The eastern North Atlantic region was found to be very clean, with an average non-refractory submicrometer aerosol mass loading of 0.6 gm-3 in the summer and 0.1 gm-3 in the winter, measured by the AMS. Average concentrations of the trace reactive gases methanol and acetone were 1-2 ppb; benzene, toluene and isoprene were even lower, < 1 ppb. Mass fractions of sulfate, organics, ammonium and nitrate in the boundary layer were 69 %, 23 %, 7% and 1% and remained largely similar between seasons. The aerosol chemical composition was dominated by sulfate and highly processed organics. Particulate methanesulfonic acid (MSA), a well-known secondary biogenic marine species, was detected, with an average boundary layer concentration of 0.021 gm-3, along with its gas-phase precursor, dimethyl sulfide (DMS). MSA accounted for no more than 3% of the submicron, non-refractory aerosol in the boundary layer. Examination of vertical profiles of aerosol and gas chemistry during ACE-ENA reveals an interplay of local marine emissions and long-range-transported aged aerosol. A case of transport of biomass burning emissions from North American fires has been identified using back-trajectory analysis. In the summer, the non-refractory portion of the background CCN budget was heavily influenced by aerosol associated with ocean productivity, in particular sulfate formed from DMS oxidation. Episodic transport from the continents, particularly of biomass burning aerosol, periodically increased CCN concentrations in the free troposphere. In the winter, with ocean productivity lower, CCN concentrations were overall much lower and dominated by remote transport. These results show that anthropogenic emissions perturb CCN concentrations in remote regions that are sensitive to changes in CCN number and illustrate that accurate predictions of both transport and regional aerosol formation from the oceans are critical to accurately modeling clouds in these regions. © 2021 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	aerosol; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric transport; concentration (composition); radiative transfer; seasonal variation; trace gas; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean (North)
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/246858
作者单位	Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63130, United States; Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States; Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, United States; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; JUUL Labs, San Francisco, CA 94107, United States; Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zawadowicz M.A.,Suski K.,Liu J.,et al. Aircraft measurements of aerosol and trace gas chemistry in the eastern North Atlantic[J],2021,21(10).
APA	Zawadowicz M.A..,Suski K..,Liu J..,Pekour M..,Fast J..,...&Shilling J.E..(2021).Aircraft measurements of aerosol and trace gas chemistry in the eastern North Atlantic.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,21(10).
MLA	Zawadowicz M.A.,et al."Aircraft measurements of aerosol and trace gas chemistry in the eastern North Atlantic".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21.10(2021).