气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The regional impact of urban emissions on air quality in Europe: The role of the urban canopy effects

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DOI	10.5194/acp-21-14309-2021
	The regional impact of urban emissions on air quality in Europe: The role of the urban canopy effects
	Huszar P.; Karlický J.; Marková J.; Nováková T.; Liaskoni M.; Bartík L.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	14309
结束页码	14332
卷号	21 期号:18
英文摘要	Urban areas are hot spots of intense emissions, and they influence air quality not only locally but on a regional or even global scale. The impact of urban emissions over different scales depends on the dilution and chemical transformation of the urban plumes which are governed by the local- A nd regional-scale meteorological conditions. These are influenced by the presence of urbanized land surface via the so-called urban canopy meteorological forcing (UCMF). In this study, we investigate for selected central European cities (Berlin, Budapest, Munich, Prague, Vienna and Warsaw) how the urban emission impact (UEI) is modulated by the UCMF for present-day climate conditions (2015-2016) using two regional climate models, the regional climate models RegCM and Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem; its meteorological part), and two chemistry transport models, Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) coupled to either RegCM and WRF and the "chemical"component of WRF-Chem. The UCMF was calculated by replacing the urbanized surface by a rural one, while the UEI was estimated by removing all anthropogenic emissions from the selected cities. We analyzed the urban-emission-induced changes in near-surface concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM2.5. We found increases in NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations over cities by 4-6 ppbv and 4-6 μgm-3, respectively, meaning that about 40 %-60 % and 20 %-40 % of urban concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 are caused by local emissions, and the rest is the result of emissions from the surrounding rural areas. We showed that if UCMF is included, the UEI of these pollutants is about 40 %-60 % smaller, or in other words, the urban emission impact is overestimated if urban canopy effects are not taken into account. In case of ozone, models due to UEI usually predict decreases of around-2 to-4 ppbv (about 10 %-20 %), which is again smaller if UCMF is considered (by about 60 %). We further showed that the impact on extreme (95th percentile) air pollution is much stronger, and the modulation of UEI is also larger for such situations. Finally, we evaluated the contribution of the urbanization-induced modifications of vertical eddy diffusion to the modulation of UEI and found that it alone is able to explain the modeled decrease in the urban emission impact if the effects of UCMF are considered. In summary, our results showed that the meteorological changes resulting from urbanization have to be included in regional model studies if they intend to quantify the regional footprint of urban emissions. Ignoring these meteorological changes can lead to the strong overestimation of UEI. © 2021 Peter Huszar et al.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	air quality; atmospheric pollution; canopy; carbon emission; climate modeling; ozone; pollution monitoring; regional climate; urban atmosphere; Austria; Bavaria; Berlin; Budapest; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Mazowieckie; Munich; Poland [Central Europe]; Prague [Czech Republic]; Vienna; Warsaw [Mazowieckie]
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/246555
作者单位	Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague 8, 18000, Czech Republic; Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI), Na Šabatce 17, Prague 4, 14306, Czech Republic; Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, Vienna, 1180, Austria
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Huszar P.,Karlický J.,Marková J.,et al. The regional impact of urban emissions on air quality in Europe: The role of the urban canopy effects[J],2021,21(18).
APA	Huszar P.,Karlický J.,Marková J.,Nováková T.,Liaskoni M.,&Bartík L..(2021).The regional impact of urban emissions on air quality in Europe: The role of the urban canopy effects.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,21(18).
MLA	Huszar P.,et al."The regional impact of urban emissions on air quality in Europe: The role of the urban canopy effects".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21.18(2021).