气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding global climatology of BrONO2 2002-2012: A test for stratospheric bromine chemistry

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DOI	10.5194/acp-21-18433-2021
	The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding global climatology of BrONO2 2002-2012: A test for stratospheric bromine chemistry
	Höpfner M.; Kirner O.; Wetzel G.; Sinnhuber B.-M.; Haenel F.; Johansson S.; Orphal J.; Ruhnke R.; Stiller G.; Von Clarmann T.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	18433
结束页码	18464
卷号	21 期号:24
英文摘要	We present the first observational dataset of vertically resolved global stratospheric BrONO2 distributions from July 2002 until April 2012 and compare them to results of the atmospheric chemical climate model ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC). The retrieved distributions are based on space-borne measurements of infrared limb-emission spectra recorded by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on Envisat. The derived vertical profiles of BrONO2 volume mixing ratios represent 10 latitude bins and 3-d means, separated into sunlit observations and observations in the dark. The estimated uncertainties are around 1-4 pptv, caused by spectral noise for single profiles as well as for further parameter and systematic errors which may not improve by averaging. Vertical resolutions range from 3 to 8 km between 15 and 35 km altitude. All leading modes of spatial and temporal variability of stratospheric BrONO2 in the observations are well replicated by the model simulations: the large diurnal variability, the low values during polar winter as well as the maximum values at mid and high latitudes during summer. Three major differences between observations and model results are observed: (1) a model underestimation of enhanced BrONO2 in the polar winter stratosphere above about 30 km of up to 15 pptv, (2) up to 8 pptv higher modelled values than observed globally in the lower stratosphere up to 25 km, most obvious during night, and (3) up to 5 pptv lower modelled concentrations at tropical latitudes between 27 and 32 km during sunlit conditions. (1) is explained by the model missing enhanced NOx produced in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere subsiding at high latitudes in winter. This is the first time that observational evidence for enhancement of BrONO2 caused by mesospheric NOx production is reported. The other major inconsistencies (2, 3) between EMAC model results and observations are studied by sensitivity runs with a 1D model. These tentatively hint at a model underestimation of heterogeneous loss of BrONO2 in the lower stratosphere, a simulated production of BrONO2 that is too low during the day as well as strongly underestimated BrONO2 volume mixing ratios when loss via reaction with O(3P) is considered in addition to photolysis. However, considering the uncertainty ranges of model parameters and of measurements, an unambiguous identification of the causes of the differences remains difficult. The observations have also been used to derive the total stratospheric bromine content relative to years of stratospheric entry between 1997 and 2007. With an average value of 21.2±1.4 pptv of Bry at mid latitudes where the modelled adjustment from BrONO2 to Bry is smallest, the MIPAS data agree with estimates of Bry derived from observations of BrO as well as from MIPAS-Balloon measurements of BrONO2. © Copyright:
语种	英语
scopus关键词	atmospheric chemistry; bromine; climate modeling; climatology; computer simulation; diurnal variation; mesosphere; MIPAS; mixing ratio; stratosphere; temporal variation; thermosphere
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/246353
作者单位	Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Höpfner M.,Kirner O.,Wetzel G.,et al. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding global climatology of BrONO2 2002-2012: A test for stratospheric bromine chemistry[J],2021,21(24).
APA	Höpfner M..,Kirner O..,Wetzel G..,Sinnhuber B.-M..,Haenel F..,...&Von Clarmann T..(2021).The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding global climatology of BrONO2 2002-2012: A test for stratospheric bromine chemistry.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,21(24).
MLA	Höpfner M.,et al."The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding global climatology of BrONO2 2002-2012: A test for stratospheric bromine chemistry".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21.24(2021).