气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Paradoxical escape responses by narwhals (Monodon monoceros)

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DOI	10.1126/science.aao2740
	Paradoxical escape responses by narwhals (Monodon monoceros)
	Williams T.M.; Blackwell S.B.; Richter B.; Sinding M.-H.S.; Heide-Jørgensen M.P.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	1328
结束页码	1331
卷号	358 期号:6368
英文摘要	Until recent declines in Arctic sea ice levels, narwhals (Monodon monoceros) have lived in relative isolation from human perturbation and sustained predation pressures. The resulting naïvety has made this cryptic, deep-diving cetacean highly susceptible to disturbance, although quantifiable effects have been lacking. We deployed a submersible, animal-borne electrocardiograph-accelerometer-depth recorder to monitor physiological and behavioral responses of East Greenland narwhals after release from net entanglement and stranding. Escaping narwhals displayed a paradoxical cardiovascular down-regulation (extreme bradycardia with heart rate ≤4 beats per minute) superimposed on exercise up-regulation (stroke frequency >25 strokes per minute and energetic costs three to six times the resting rate of energy expenditure) that rapidly depleted onboard oxygen stores. We attribute this unusual reaction to opposing cardiovascular signals—from diving, exercise, and neurocognitive fear responses—that challenge physiological homeostasis. © 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	oxygen; ecophysiology; escape behavior; homeostasis; isolated population; monitoring; physiological response; sea ice; whale; animal behavior; Arctic; Article; cardiovascular function; down regulation; ecophysiology; energy expenditure; heart rate; heart stroke volume; human; narwhal; priority journal; sea ice; upregulation; animal; Cetacea; diving; electrocardiography; escape behavior; Greenland; heart rate; homeostasis; ice cover; oxygen consumption; physiology; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; East Greenland; Greenland; Animalia; Cetacea; Monodon; Monodon monoceros; Animals; Arctic Regions; Diving; Electrocardiography; Escape Reaction; Greenland; Heart Rate; Homeostasis; Ice Cover; Oxygen Consumption; Whales
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/246041
作者单位	Coastal Biology Building, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), 130 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States; Greeneridge Sciences, 90 Arnold Place, Suite D, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, United States; Center for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1350, Denmark; Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, c/o Greenland Representation, Strandgade, Copenhagen K, 91, 2, DK-1401, Denmark
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Williams T.M.,Blackwell S.B.,Richter B.,et al. Paradoxical escape responses by narwhals (Monodon monoceros)[J],2017,358(6368).
APA	Williams T.M.,Blackwell S.B.,Richter B.,Sinding M.-H.S.,&Heide-Jørgensen M.P..(2017).Paradoxical escape responses by narwhals (Monodon monoceros).Science,358(6368).
MLA	Williams T.M.,et al."Paradoxical escape responses by narwhals (Monodon monoceros)".Science 358.6368(2017).