气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Hydrogen escape from Mars is driven by seasonal and dust storm transport of water

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DOI	10.1126/science.aba5229
	Hydrogen escape from Mars is driven by seasonal and dust storm transport of water
	Stone S.W.; Yelle R.V.; Benna M.; Lo D.Y.; Elrod M.K.; Mahaffy P.R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	824
结束页码	831
卷号	370 期号:6518
英文摘要	Mars has lost most of its once-abundant water to space, leaving the planet cold and dry. In standard models, molecular hydrogen produced from water in the lower atmosphere diffuses into the upper atmosphere where it is dissociated, producing atomic hydrogen, which is lost. Using observations from the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft, we demonstrate that water is instead transported directly to the upper atmosphere, then dissociated by ions to produce atomic hydrogen. The water abundance in the upper atmosphere varied seasonally, peaking in southern summer, and surged during dust storms, including the 2018 global dust storm. We calculate that this transport of water dominates the present-day loss of atomic hydrogen to space and influenced the evolution of Mars’ climate. © 2020 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	hydrogen; dust storm; hydrogen; Mars; molecular analysis; seasonal variation; spacecraft; upper atmosphere; Article; astronomy; atmosphere; circadian rhythm; diffusion; dust storm; electron transport; global climate; ionosphere; lower atmosphere; mass spectrometry; meteorological phenomena; molecular evolution; photochemistry; photolysis; priority journal; seasonal variation; space flight; storm surge; summer; trend study; upper atmosphere; water transport
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/245638
作者单位	Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85711, United States; Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, United States; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States; Solar System Exploration Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Stone S.W.,Yelle R.V.,Benna M.,et al. Hydrogen escape from Mars is driven by seasonal and dust storm transport of water[J],2020,370(6518).
APA	Stone S.W.,Yelle R.V.,Benna M.,Lo D.Y.,Elrod M.K.,&Mahaffy P.R..(2020).Hydrogen escape from Mars is driven by seasonal and dust storm transport of water.Science,370(6518).
MLA	Stone S.W.,et al."Hydrogen escape from Mars is driven by seasonal and dust storm transport of water".Science 370.6518(2020).