气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Keystone predators govern the pathway and pace of climate impacts in a subarctic marine ecosystem

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DOI	10.1126/SCIENCE.AAV7515
	Keystone predators govern the pathway and pace of climate impacts in a subarctic marine ecosystem
	Rasher D.B.; Steneck R.S.; Halfar J.; Kroeker K.J.; Ries J.B.; Tinker M.T.; Chan P.T.W.; Fietzke J.; Kamenos N.A.; Konar B.H.; Lefcheck J.S.; Norley C.J.D.; Weitzman B.P.; Westfield I.T.; Estes J.A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	1351
结束页码	1355
卷号	369 期号:6509
英文摘要	Predator loss and climate change are hallmarks of the Anthropocene yet their interactive effects are largely unknown. Here, we show that massive calcareous reefs, built slowly by the alga Clathromorphum nereostratum over centuries to millennia, are now declining because of the emerging interplay between these two processes. Such reefs, the structural base of Aleutian kelp forests, are rapidly eroding because of overgrazing by herbivores. Historical reconstructions and experiments reveal that overgrazing was initiated by the loss of sea otters, Enhydra lutris (which gave rise to herbivores capable of causing bioerosion), and then accelerated with ocean warming and acidification (which increased per capita lethal grazing by 34 to 60% compared with preindustrial times). Thus, keystone predators can mediate the ways in which climate effects emerge in nature and the pace with which they alter ecosystems. © 2020 The Authors.
英文关键词	alga; Anthropocene; bivalve; climate effect; kelp forest; keystone species; marine ecosystem; ocean acidification; predator; reef; subarctic region; acidification; article; climate; Enhydra lutris; forest; grazing; herbivore; marine environment; nonhuman; predator; warming; Alaska; climate change; coral reef; food chain; kelp; red alga; species extinction; algae; Clathromorphum; Enhydra; Enhydra lutris; Alaska; Climate Change; Coral Reefs; Extinction, Biological; Food Chain; Kelp; Rhodophyta
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/245178
作者单位	Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544, United States; Darling Marine Center, University of Maine, Walpole, ME 04573, United States; University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States; Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA 01908, United States; Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States; Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5007, Norway; GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, D-24148, Germany; University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom; University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD 21037, United States; University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rasher D.B.,Steneck R.S.,Halfar J.,et al. Keystone predators govern the pathway and pace of climate impacts in a subarctic marine ecosystem[J],2020,369(6509).
APA	Rasher D.B..,Steneck R.S..,Halfar J..,Kroeker K.J..,Ries J.B..,...&Estes J.A..(2020).Keystone predators govern the pathway and pace of climate impacts in a subarctic marine ecosystem.Science,369(6509).
MLA	Rasher D.B.,et al."Keystone predators govern the pathway and pace of climate impacts in a subarctic marine ecosystem".Science 369.6509(2020).