气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Dietary change and evolution of horses in North America

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DOI	10.1126/science.1196166
	Dietary change and evolution of horses in North America
	Mihlbachler M.C.; Rivals F.; Solounias N.; Semprebon G.M.
发表日期	2011
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	1178
结束页码	1181
卷号	331 期号:6021
英文摘要	The evolution of high-crowned molars among horses (Family Equidae) is thought to be an adaptation for abrasive diets associated with the spread of grasslands. The sharpness and relief of the worn cusp apices of teeth (mesowear) are a measure of dietary abrasion. We collected mesowear data for North American Equidae for the past 55.5 million years to test the association of molar height and dietary abrasion. Mesowear trends in horses are reflective of global cooling and associated vegetation changes. There is a strong correlation between mesowear and crown height in horses; however, most horse paleopopulations had highly variable amounts of dietary abrasion, suggesting that selective pressures for crown height may have been weak much of the time. However, instances of higher abrasion were observed in some paleopopulations, suggesting intervals of stronger selection for the evolution of dentitions, including the early Miocene shortly before the first appearance of Equinae, the horse subfamily in which high-crowned dentitions evolved.
英文关键词	adaptation; cooling; correlation; diet; dietary shift; evolutionary biology; grassland; horse; paleoenvironment; tooth; article; cooling; dentition; dietary intake; evolutionary adaptation; grassland; height; horse; Middle Miocene; molar tooth; nonhuman; North America; paleoenvironment; priority journal; tooth crown; tooth disease; vegetation; Animals; Biological Evolution; Climate; Dentition; Diet; Equidae; Fossils; Horses; Molar; North America; Paleodontology; Phylogeny; Poaceae; Tooth Crown; Tooth Wear; Equidae
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/244777
作者单位	Department of Anatomy, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, United States; Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, United States; ICREA, Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana I Evolució Social, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain; Department of Biology, Bay Path College, Longmeadow, MA 01106, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mihlbachler M.C.,Rivals F.,Solounias N.,et al. Dietary change and evolution of horses in North America[J],2011,331(6021).
APA	Mihlbachler M.C.,Rivals F.,Solounias N.,&Semprebon G.M..(2011).Dietary change and evolution of horses in North America.Science,331(6021).
MLA	Mihlbachler M.C.,et al."Dietary change and evolution of horses in North America".Science 331.6021(2011).