气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The missing mountain water: Slower westerlies decrease orographic enhancement in the Pacific Northwest USA

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DOI	10.1126/science.1242335
	The missing mountain water: Slower westerlies decrease orographic enhancement in the Pacific Northwest USA
	Luce C.H.; Abatzoglou J.T.; Holden Z.A.
发表日期	2013
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	1360
结束页码	1364
卷号	342 期号:6164
英文摘要	Trends in streamflow timing and volume in the Pacific Northwest United States have been attributed to increased temperatures, because trends in precipitation at lower-elevation stations were negligible. We demonstrate that observed streamflow declines are probably associated with declines in mountain precipitation, revealing previously unexplored differential trends. Lower-troposphere winter (November to March) westerlies are strongly correlated with high-elevation precipitation but weakly correlated with low-elevation precipitation. Decreases in lower-tropospheric winter westerlies across the region from 1950 to 2012 are hypothesized to have reduced orographic precipitation enhancement, yielding differential trends in precipitation across elevations and contributing to the decline in annual streamflow. Climate projections show weakened lower-troposphere zonal flow across the region under enhanced greenhouse forcing, highlighting an additional stressor that is relevant for climate change impacts on hydrology.
英文关键词	water; climate effect; climate prediction; greenhouse effect; mountain environment; orography; precipitation (climatology); streamflow; troposphere; westerly; zonal flow; article; climate; climate change; greenhouse; precipitation; priority journal; seasonal variation; temperature; troposphere; United States; winter; Pacific Northwest; United States
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/244590
作者单位	U.S. Forest Service Research and Development, 322 East Front Street, Boise, ID 83702, United States; Department of Geography, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844, United States; U.S. Forest Service Region 1, 200 East Broadway Street, Missoula, MT 59807, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Luce C.H.,Abatzoglou J.T.,Holden Z.A.. The missing mountain water: Slower westerlies decrease orographic enhancement in the Pacific Northwest USA[J],2013,342(6164).
APA	Luce C.H.,Abatzoglou J.T.,&Holden Z.A..(2013).The missing mountain water: Slower westerlies decrease orographic enhancement in the Pacific Northwest USA.Science,342(6164).
MLA	Luce C.H.,et al."The missing mountain water: Slower westerlies decrease orographic enhancement in the Pacific Northwest USA".Science 342.6164(2013).