气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The uncertain future of protected lands and waters

CCPortal

DOI	10.1126/science.aau5525
	The uncertain future of protected lands and waters
	Golden Kroner R.E.; Qin S.; Cook C.N.; Krithivasan R.; Pack S.M.; Bonilla O.D.; Cort-Kansinally K.A.; Coutinho B.; Feng M.; Garcia M.I.M.; He Y.; Kennedy C.J.; Lebreton C.; Ledezma J.C.; Lovejoy T.E.; Luther D.A.; Parmanand Y.; Ruíz-Agudelo C.A.; Yerena E.; Zambrano V.M.; Mascia M.B.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	881
结束页码	886
卷号	364 期号:6443
英文摘要	Protected areas are intended to safeguard biodiversity in perpetuity, yet evidence suggests that widespread legal changes undermine protected area durability and efficacy. We documented these legal changes-protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) events-in the United States and Amazonian countries and compiled available data globally. Governments of the United States and Amazonian countries enacted 269 and 440 PADDD events, respectively. Between 1892 and 2018, 73 countries enacted 3749 PADDD events, removing 519,857 square kilometers from protection and tempering regulations in an additional 1,659,972 square kilometers; 78% of events were enacted since 2000. Most PADDD events (62%) are associated with industrial-scale resource extraction and development, suggesting that PADDD may compromise biodiversity conservation objectives. Strategic policy responses are needed to address PADDD and sustain effective protected areas. © 2019 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	biodiversity; conservation status; environmental policy; protected area; strategic approach; article; conservation biology; drug efficacy; extraction; government; United States; biodiversity; environmental protection; industry; legislation and jurisprudence; policy; South America; uncertainty; Amazonia; United States; Biodiversity; Conservation of Natural Resources; Industry; Policy; South America; Uncertainty; United States
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/243830
作者单位	Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States; Moore Center for Science, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, United States; Geography Department, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, MA, United States; Round River Conservation Studies, Patagonia, Chile; International Conservation Consultant, Bogotá, Colombia; Conservation International Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana; Conservação Internacional Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; UMR ESPACE-DEV, Montpellier University, L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Guyane University, Reunion University, Antilles University, Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche, Mayotte, France; Conservación Internacional Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia; Department of Biology, George...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Golden Kroner R.E.,Qin S.,Cook C.N.,et al. The uncertain future of protected lands and waters[J],2019,364(6443).
APA	Golden Kroner R.E..,Qin S..,Cook C.N..,Krithivasan R..,Pack S.M..,...&Mascia M.B..(2019).The uncertain future of protected lands and waters.Science,364(6443).
MLA	Golden Kroner R.E.,et al."The uncertain future of protected lands and waters".Science 364.6443(2019).