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DOI	10.1126/science.aat6030
	Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in U.S. cities
	Dalziel B.D.; Kissler S.; Gog J.R.; Viboud C.; Bjørnstad O.N.; Metcalf C.J.E.; Grenfell B.T.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	75
结束页码	79
卷号	362 期号:6410
英文摘要	Influenza epidemics vary in intensity from year to year, driven by climatic conditions and by viral antigenic evolution. However, important spatial variation remains unexplained. Here we show predictable differences in influenza incidence among cities, driven by population size and structure. Weekly incidence data from 603 cities in the United States reveal that epidemics in smaller cities are focused on shorter periods of the influenza season, whereas in larger cities, incidence is more diffuse. Base transmission potential estimated from city-level incidence data is positively correlated with population size and with spatiotemporal organization in population density, indicating a milder response to climate forcing in metropolises. This suggests that urban centers incubate critical chains of transmission outside of peak climatic conditions, altering the spatiotemporal geometry of herd immunity. © 2018 The Authors.
英文关键词	virus antigen; city; epidemic; genetics; human; humidity; immunology; incidence; influenza; molecular evolution; Orthomyxoviridae; population density; spatiotemporal analysis; transmission; United States; urbanization; virology; Antigens, Viral; Cities; Epidemics; Evolution, Molecular; Humans; Humidity; Incidence; Influenza, Human; Orthomyxoviridae; Population Density; Spatio-Temporal Analysis; United States; Urbanization
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/243454
作者单位	Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Mathematics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Dalziel B.D.,Kissler S.,Gog J.R.,et al. Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in U.S. cities[J],2018,362(6410).
APA	Dalziel B.D..,Kissler S..,Gog J.R..,Viboud C..,Bjørnstad O.N..,...&Grenfell B.T..(2018).Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in U.S. cities.Science,362(6410).
MLA	Dalziel B.D.,et al."Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in U.S. cities".Science 362.6410(2018).