气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest active geyser

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2020943118
	The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest active geyser
	Reed M.H.; Munoz-Saez C.; Hajimirza S.; Wu S.-M.; Barth A.; Girona T.; Rasht-Behesht M.; White E.B.; Karplus M.S.; Hurwitz S.; Manga M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:2
英文摘要	Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone National Park's Norris Geyser Basin began a prolific sequence of eruptions in March 2018 after 34 y of sporadic activity. We analyze a wide range of datasets to explore triggering mechanisms for Steamboat's reactivation and controls on eruption intervals and height. Prior to Steamboat's renewed activity, Norris Geyser Basin experienced uplift, a slight increase in radiant temperature, and increased regional seismicity, which may indicate that magmatic processes promoted reactivation. However, because the geothermal reservoir temperature did not change, no other dormant geysers became active, and previous periods with greater seismic moment release did not reawaken Steamboat, the reason for reactivation remains ambiguous. Eruption intervals since 2018 (3.16 to 35.45 d) modulate seasonally, with shorter intervals in the summer. Abnormally long intervals coincide with weakening of a shallow seismic source in the geyser basin's hydrothermal system. We find no relation between interval and erupted volume, implying unsteady heat and mass discharge. Finally, using data from geysers worldwide, we find a correlation between eruption height and inferred depth to the shallow reservoir supplying water to eruptions. Steamboat is taller because water is stored deeper there than at other geysers, and, hence, more energy is available to power the eruptions. © This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).
英文关键词	Geyser; Hydrothermal; Seasonaility; Steamboat; Yellowstone
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Article; correlational study; dynamics; ecological phenomena and functions; environmental parameters; erupted volume; eruption dynamics; eruption height; geographic and geological phenomena; geographic distribution; geothermal reservoir temperature; geyser eruption; ground deformation; hydrothermal vent; magmatic process; precipitation; priority journal; radiant temperature; seasonal variation; seismicity; Steamboat Geyser; summer; temperature; water temperature
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238747
作者单位	Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Department of Geology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8320000, Chile; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States; Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States; Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States; Yellowstone National Park, National Park Service, Mammoth, WY 82190, United States; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; Volcano Science Center, US Geological Survey, Moffett Field, CA 94035, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Reed M.H.,Munoz-Saez C.,Hajimirza S.,et al. The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest active geyser[J],2021,118(2).
APA	Reed M.H..,Munoz-Saez C..,Hajimirza S..,Wu S.-M..,Barth A..,...&Manga M..(2021).The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest active geyser.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(2).
MLA	Reed M.H.,et al."The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest active geyser".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.2(2021).