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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2025337118
	The genomes of ancient date palms germinated from 2,000 y old seeds
	Gros-Balthazard M.; Flowers J.M.; Hazzouri K.M.; Ferrand S.; Aberlenc F.; Sallon S.; Purugganan M.D.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:19
英文摘要	Seven date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.), radiocarbon dated from the fourth century BCE to the second century CE, were recovered from archaeological sites in the Southern Levant and germinated to yield viable plants. We conducted whole-genome sequencing of these germinated ancient samples and used single-nucleotide polymorphism data to examine the genetics of these previously extinct Judean date palms. We find that the oldest seeds from the fourth to first century BCE are related to modern West Asian date varieties, but later material from the second century BCE to second century CE showed increasing genetic affinities to present-day North African date palms. Population genomic analysis reveals that by ∼2,400 to 2,000 y ago, the P. dactylifera gene pool in the Eastern Mediterranean already contained introgressed segments from the Cretan palm Phoenix theophrasti, a crucial genetic feature of the modern North African date palm populations. The P. theophrasti introgression fraction content is generally higher in the later samples, while introgression tracts are longer in these ancient germinated date palms compared to modern North African varieties. These results provide insights into crop evolution arising from an analysis of plants originating from ancient germinated seeds and demonstrate what can be accomplished with the application of a resurrection genomics approach. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Ancient DNA; Crop evolution; Domestication; Hybridization; Introgression
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Article; crop production; date (fruit); gene pool; genetic analysis; genetic association; germination; history; introgression; nonhuman; North African; Phoenix theophrasti; plant genetics; plant genome; priority journal; single nucleotide polymorphism; West Asian; whole genome sequencing
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238741
作者单位	Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates; UMR Diversité Adaptation et Développement des plantes unit, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34394, France; Hadassah Medical Organization, Louis L. Borick Natural Medicine Research Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel; Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States; Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, New York University, New York, NY 10028, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gros-Balthazard M.,Flowers J.M.,Hazzouri K.M.,et al. The genomes of ancient date palms germinated from 2,000 y old seeds[J],2021,118(19).
APA	Gros-Balthazard M..,Flowers J.M..,Hazzouri K.M..,Ferrand S..,Aberlenc F..,...&Purugganan M.D..(2021).The genomes of ancient date palms germinated from 2,000 y old seeds.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(19).
MLA	Gros-Balthazard M.,et al."The genomes of ancient date palms germinated from 2,000 y old seeds".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.19(2021).