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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2101108118
	Middle Pleistocene fire use: The first signal of widespread cultural diffusion in human evolution
	MacDonald K.; Scherjon F.; van Veen E.; Vaesen K.; Roebroeks W.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:31
英文摘要	Control of fire is one of the most important technological innovations within the evolution of humankind. The archaeological signal of fire use becomes very visible from around 400,000 y ago onward. Interestingly, this occurs at a geologically similar time over major parts of the Old World, in Africa, as well as in western Eurasia, and in different subpopulations of the wider hominin metapopulation. We interpret this spatiotemporal pattern as the result of cultural diffusion, and as representing the earliest clear-cut case of widespread cultural change resulting from diffusion in human evolution. This fire-use pattern is followed slightly later by a similar spatiotemporal distribution of Levallois technology, at the beginning of the African Middle Stone Age and the western Eurasian Middle Paleolithic. These archaeological data, as well as studies of ancient genomes, lead us to hypothesize that at the latest by 400,000 y ago, hominin subpopulations encountered one another often enough and were sufficiently tolerant toward one another to transmit ideas and techniques over large regions within relatively short time periods. Furthermore, it is likely that the large-scale social networks necessary to transmit complicated skills were also in place. Most importantly, this suggests a form of cultural behavior significantly more similar to that of extant Homo sapiens than to our great ape relatives. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Cultural behavior; Fire use; Middle Paleolithic; Middle Pleistocene; Middle Stone Age
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Africa; diffusion; human; Mesolithic; metapopulation; Middle Pleistocene; Paleolithic; relative; review; skill; social network; article
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238672
作者单位	Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2300 RA, Netherlands; School of Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, Netherlands
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	MacDonald K.,Scherjon F.,van Veen E.,et al. Middle Pleistocene fire use: The first signal of widespread cultural diffusion in human evolution[J],2021,118(31).
APA	MacDonald K.,Scherjon F.,van Veen E.,Vaesen K.,&Roebroeks W..(2021).Middle Pleistocene fire use: The first signal of widespread cultural diffusion in human evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(31).
MLA	MacDonald K.,et al."Middle Pleistocene fire use: The first signal of widespread cultural diffusion in human evolution".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.31(2021).