气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Global urban population exposure to extreme heat

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2024792118
	Global urban population exposure to extreme heat
	Tuholske C.; Caylor K.; Funk C.; Verdin A.; Sweeney S.; Grace K.; Peterson P.; Evans T.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:41
英文摘要	Increased exposure to extreme heat from both climate change and the urban heat island effect—total urban warming—threatens the sustainability of rapidly growing urban settlements worldwide. Extreme heat exposure is highly unequal and severely impacts the urban poor. While previous studies have quantified global exposure to extreme heat, the lack of a globally accurate, fine-resolution temporal analysis of urban exposure crucially limits our ability to deploy adaptations. Here, we estimate daily urban population exposure to extreme heat for 13,115 urban settlements from 1983 to 2016. We harmonize global, fine-resolution (0.05°), daily temperature maxima and relative humidity estimates with geolocated and longitudinal global urban population data. We measure the average annual rate of increase in exposure (person-days/year−1) at the global, regional, national, and municipality levels, separating the contribution to exposure trajectories from urban population growth versus total urban warming. Using a daily maximum wet bulb globe temperature threshold of 30 °C, global exposure increased nearly 200% from 1983 to 2016. Total urban warming elevated the annual increase in exposure by 52% compared to urban population growth alone. Exposure trajectories increased for 46% of urban settlements, which together in 2016 comprised 23% of the planet’s population (1.7 billion people). However, how total urban warming and population growth drove exposure trajectories is spatially heterogeneous. This study reinforces the importance of employing multiple extreme heat exposure metrics to identify local patterns and compare exposure trends across geographies. Our results suggest that previous research underestimates extreme heat exposure, highlighting the urgency for targeted adaptations and early warning systems to reduce harm from urban extreme heat exposure. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Climate change; Hazards; Public health; Sustainability; Urbanization
语种	英语
scopus关键词	adult; article; climate change; extreme hot weather; geography; human; population growth; public health; relative humidity; urban population; urbanization; warming
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238622
作者单位	Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States; Climate Hazards Center, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States; Center for International Earth Science Informational Network, The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10964, United States; Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States; Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Department of Geography, Environment & Society, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; School of Geography, Development and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tuholske C.,Caylor K.,Funk C.,et al. Global urban population exposure to extreme heat[J],2021,118(41).
APA	Tuholske C..,Caylor K..,Funk C..,Verdin A..,Sweeney S..,...&Evans T..(2021).Global urban population exposure to extreme heat.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(41).
MLA	Tuholske C.,et al."Global urban population exposure to extreme heat".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.41(2021).