气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Climate change facilitated the early colonization of the Azores Archipelago during medieval times

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2108236118
	Climate change facilitated the early colonization of the Azores Archipelago during medieval times
	Raposeiro P.M.; Hernández A.; Pla-Rabes S.; Gonçalves V.; Bao R.; Sáez A.; Shanahan T.; Benavente M.; de Boer E.J.; Richter N.; Gordon V.; Marques H.; Sousa P.M.; Souto M.; Matias M.G.; Aguiar N.; Pereira C.; Ritter C.; Rubio M.J.; Salcedo M.; Vázquez-Loureiro D.; Margalef O.; Amaral-Zettler L.A.; Costa A.C.; Huang Y.; van Leeuwen J.F.N.; Masqué P.; Prego R.; Ruiz-Fernández A.C.; Sanchez-Cabeza J.-A.; Trigo R.; Giralt S.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:41
英文摘要	Humans have made such dramatic and permanent changes to Earth’s landscapes that much of it is now substantially and irreversibly altered from its preanthropogenic state. Remote islands, until recently isolated from humans, offer insights into how these landscapes evolved in response to human-induced perturbations. However, little is known about when and how remote systems were colonized because archaeological data and historical records are scarce and incomplete. Here, we use a multiproxy approach to reconstruct the initial colonization and subsequent environmental impacts on the Azores Archipelago. Our reconstructions provide unambiguous evidence for widespread human disturbance of this archipelago starting between 700-60+50 and 850-60+60 Common Era (CE), ca. 700 y earlier than historical records suggest the onset of Portuguese settlement of the islands. Settlement proceeded in three phases, during which human pressure on the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems grew steadily (i.e., through livestock introductions, logging, and fire), resulting in irreversible changes. Our climate models suggest that the initial colonization at the end of the early Middle Ages (500 to 900 CE) occurred in conjunction with anomalous northeasterly winds and warmer Northern Hemisphere temperatures. These climate conditions likely inhibited exploration from southern Europe and facilitated human settlers from the northeast Atlantic. These results are consistent with recent archaeological and genetic data suggesting that the Norse were most likely the earliest settlers on the islands. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Biomarkers; Climate simulations; Ecosystem disruption; Island colonization; Paleolimnology
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238620
作者单位	Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Rede de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva (InBIO) - Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, 9500-321, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, 9500-321, Portugal; Geosciences Barcelona (Geo3BCN-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Lluís Solé i Sabarís s/n, Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdayola del Valles, 08193, Spain; Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Campus da Zapateira s/n, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, 15071, Spain; Department de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l’Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Department of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States; Department of Marine Microbiology & Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Raposeiro P.M.,Hernández A.,Pla-Rabes S.,et al. Climate change facilitated the early colonization of the Azores Archipelago during medieval times[J],2021,118(41).
APA	Raposeiro P.M..,Hernández A..,Pla-Rabes S..,Gonçalves V..,Bao R..,...&Giralt S..(2021).Climate change facilitated the early colonization of the Azores Archipelago during medieval times.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(41).
MLA	Raposeiro P.M.,et al."Climate change facilitated the early colonization of the Azores Archipelago during medieval times".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.41(2021).