气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Early warm-season mesoscale convective systems dominate soil moisture–precipitation feedback for summer rainfall in central United States

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2105260118
	Early warm-season mesoscale convective systems dominate soil moisture–precipitation feedback for summer rainfall in central United States
	Hu H.; Leung L.R.; Feng Z.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:43
英文摘要	Land–atmosphere interactions play an important role in summer rainfall in the central United States, where mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) contribute to 30 to 70% of warm-season precipitation. Previous studies of soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks focused on the total precipitation, confounding the distinct roles of rainfall from different convective storm types. Here, we investigate the soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks associated with MCS and non-MCS rainfall and their surface hydrological footprints using a unique combination of these rainfall events in observations and land surface simulations with numerical tracers to quantify soil moisture sourced from MCS and non-MCS rainfall. We find that early warm-season (April to June) MCS rainfall, which is characterized by higher intensity and larger area per storm, produces coherent mesoscale spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture that is important for initiating summer (July) afternoon rainfall dominated by non-MCS events. On the other hand, soil moisture sourced from both early warm-season MCS and non-MCS rainfall contributes to lower-level atmospheric moistening favorable for upscale growth of MCSs at night. However, soil moisture sourced from MCS rainfall contributes to July MCS rainfall with a longer lead time because with higher intensity, MCS rainfall percolates into deeper soil that has a longer memory. Therefore, early warm-season MCS rainfall dominates soil moisture–precipitation feedback. This motivates future studies to examine the contribution of early warm-season MCS rainfall and associated soil moisture anomalies to predictability of summer rainfall in the major agricultural region of the central United States and other continental regions frequented by MCSs. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Central US; Hydrologic footprints; Land–atmosphere coupling; Mesoscale convective systems; Soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks
语种	英语
scopus关键词	rain; agriculture; Article; atmosphere; climate warming; controlled study; feedback system; geological time; hydrology; land use; observational study; prediction; seasonal variation; soil moisture; United States
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238613
作者单位	Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hu H.,Leung L.R.,Feng Z.. Early warm-season mesoscale convective systems dominate soil moisture–precipitation feedback for summer rainfall in central United States[J],2021,118(43).
APA	Hu H.,Leung L.R.,&Feng Z..(2021).Early warm-season mesoscale convective systems dominate soil moisture–precipitation feedback for summer rainfall in central United States.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(43).
MLA	Hu H.,et al."Early warm-season mesoscale convective systems dominate soil moisture–precipitation feedback for summer rainfall in central United States".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.43(2021).