气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Measuring social equity in urban energy use and interventions using fine-scale data

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2023554118
	Measuring social equity in urban energy use and interventions using fine-scale data
	Tong K.; Ramaswami A.; Xu C.; Feiock R.; Schmitz P.; Ohlsen M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:24
英文摘要	Cities seek nuanced understanding of intraurban inequality in energy use, addressing both income and race, to inform equitable investment in climate actions. However, nationwide energy consumption surveys are limited (<6,000 samples in the United States), and utility-provided data are highly aggregated. Limited prior analyses suggest disparity in energy use intensity (EUI) by income is ∼25%, while racial disparities are not quantified nor unpacked from income. This paper, using new empirical fine spatial scale data covering all 200,000 households in two US cities, along with separating temperature-sensitive EUI, reveals intraurban EUI disparities up to a factor of five greater than previously known. We find 1) annual EUI disparity ratios of 1.27 and 1.66, comparing lowest- versus highest-income block groups (i.e., 27 and 66% higher), while previous literature indicated only ∼25% difference; 2) a racial effect distinct from income, wherein non-White block groups (highest quintile non-White percentage) in the lowest-income stratum reported up to a further ∼40% higher annual EUI than less diverse block groups, providing an empirical estimate of racial disparities; 3) separating temperature-sensitive EUI unmasked larger disparities, with heating–cooling electricity EUI of lowest-income block groups up to 2.67 times (167% greater) that of highest income, and high racial disparity within lowest-income strata wherein high nonWhite (>75%) population block groups report EUI up to 2.56 times (156% larger) that of majority White block groups; and 4) spatial scales of data aggregation impact inequality measures. Quadrant analyses are developed to guide spatial prioritization of energy investment for carbon mitigation and equity. These methods are potentially translatable to other cities and utilities. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Energy use inequality; Fine spatial scale data; Intraurban analysis; Social inequity in energy intervention investment
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238524
作者单位	Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States; Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Askew School of Public Administration and Policy, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States; Product Portfolio Management, Xcel Energy, Minneapolis, MN 55401, United States; Electric and Gas Utility, City of Tallahassee Utilities, Tallahassee, FL 32301, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tong K.,Ramaswami A.,Xu C.,et al. Measuring social equity in urban energy use and interventions using fine-scale data[J],2021,118(24).
APA	Tong K.,Ramaswami A.,Xu C.,Feiock R.,Schmitz P.,&Ohlsen M..(2021).Measuring social equity in urban energy use and interventions using fine-scale data.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(24).
MLA	Tong K.,et al."Measuring social equity in urban energy use and interventions using fine-scale data".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.24(2021).