气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Freeze tolerance influenced forest cover and hydrology during the Pennsylvanian

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2025227118
	Freeze tolerance influenced forest cover and hydrology during the Pennsylvanian
	Matthaeus W.J.; Macarewich S.I.; Richey J.D.; Wilson J.P.; McElwain J.C.; Montañez I.P.; DiMichele W.A.; Hren M.T.; Poulsen C.J.; White J.D.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:42
英文摘要	The distribution of forest cover alters Earth surface mass and energy exchange and is controlled by physiology, which determines plant environmental limits. Ancient plant physiology, therefore, likely affected vegetation-climate feedbacks. We combine climate modeling and ecosystem-process modeling to simulate arboreal vegetation in the late Paleozoic ice age. Using GENESIS V3 global climate model simulations, varying pCO2, pO2, and ice extent for the Pennsylvanian, and fossil-derived leaf C:N, maximum stomatal conductance, and specific conductivity for several major Carboniferous plant groups, we simulated global ecosystem processes at a 2° resolution with Paleo-BGC. Based on leaf water constraints, Pangaea could have supported widespread arboreal plant growth and forest cover. However, these models do not account for the impacts of freezing on plants. According to our interpretation, freezing would have affected plants in 59% of unglaciated land during peak glacial periods and 73% during interglacials, when more high-latitude land was unglaciated. Comparing forest cover, minimum temperatures, and paleo-locations of Pennsylvanian-aged plant fossils from the Paleobiology Database supports restriction of forest extent due to freezing. Many genera were limited to unglaciated land where temperatures remained above −4 °C. Freeze-intolerance of Pennsylvanian arboreal vegetation had the potential to alter surface runoff, silicate weathering, CO2 levels, and climate forcing. As a bounding case, we assume total plant mortality at −4 °C and estimate that contracting forest cover increased net global surface runoff by up to 6.1%. Repeated freezing likely influenced freeze- and drought-tolerance evolution in lineages like the coniferophytes, which became increasingly dominant in the Permian and early Mesozoic. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Carboniferous; Forest cover; Freezing; Modeling; Runoff
语种	英语
scopus关键词	carbon; carbon dioxide; nitrogen; silicate; arboreal species; Article; Carboniferous; conifer; drought tolerance; ecosystem; environmental impact; environmental temperature; forest; fossil; freezing; hydrology; interglacial; latitude; leaf water potential; Mesozoic; nonhuman; paleoclimate; Paleozoic; Pennsylvania; Permian; simulation; stomatal conductance; surface runoff; weathering
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238338
作者单位	Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, United States; Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Environmental Studies, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041, United States; Botany, Botany, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, United States; Department of Geosciences, University of Connecticut, StorrsCT 06269, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Matthaeus W.J.,Macarewich S.I.,Richey J.D.,et al. Freeze tolerance influenced forest cover and hydrology during the Pennsylvanian[J],2021,118(42).
APA	Matthaeus W.J..,Macarewich S.I..,Richey J.D..,Wilson J.P..,McElwain J.C..,...&White J.D..(2021).Freeze tolerance influenced forest cover and hydrology during the Pennsylvanian.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(42).
MLA	Matthaeus W.J.,et al."Freeze tolerance influenced forest cover and hydrology during the Pennsylvanian".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.42(2021).