气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Increasing fire and the decline of fire adapted black spruce in the boreal forest

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2024872118
	Increasing fire and the decline of fire adapted black spruce in the boreal forest
	Baltzer J.L.; Day N.J.; Walker X.J.; Greene D.; Mack M.C.; Alexander H.D.; Arseneault D.; Barnes J.; Bergeron Y.; Boucher Y.; Bourgeau-Chavez L.; Brown C.D.; Carriere S.; Howard B.K.; Gauthier S.; Parisien M.-A.; Reid K.A.; Rogers B.M.; Roland C.; Sirois L.; Stehn S.; Thompson D.K.; Turetsky M.R.; Veraverbeke S.; Whitman E.; Yang J.; Johnstone J.F.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:45
英文摘要	Intensifying wildfire activity and climate change can drive rapid forest compositional shifts. In boreal North America, black spruce shapes forest flammability and depends on fire for regeneration. This relationship has helped black spruce maintain its dominance through much of the Holocene. However, with climate change and more frequent and severe fires, shifts away from black spruce dominance to broadleaf or pine species are emerging, with implications for ecosystem functions including carbon sequestration, water and energy fluxes, and wildlife habitat. Here, we predict that such reductions in black spruce after fire may already be widespread given current trends in climate and fire. To test this, we synthesize data from 1,538 field sites across boreal North America to evaluate compositional changes in tree species following 58 recent fires (1989 to 2014). While black spruce was resilient following most fires (62%), loss of resilience was common, and spruce regeneration failed completely in 18% of 1,140 black spruce sites. In contrast, postfire regeneration never failed in forests dominated by jack pine, which also possesses an aerial seed bank, or broad-leaved trees. More complete combustion of the soil organic layer, which often occurs in better-drained landscape positions and in dryer duff, promoted compositional changes throughout boreal North America. Forests in western North America, however, were more vulnerable to change due to greater long-term climate moisture deficits. While we find considerable remaining resilience in black spruce forests, predicted increases in climate moisture deficits and fire activity will erode this resilience, pushing the system toward a tipping point that has not been crossed in several thousand years. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Climate change; Ecological state change; Resilience; Tree regeneration; Wildfire
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238316
作者单位	Biology Department, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada; School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand; Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, United States; Forestry and Wildland Resources, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, United States; School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States; Departement de Biologie, Chimie et Geographie, Universite duQuebec a Rimouski, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada; National Park Service, Alaska Region, Fairbanks, AK 99501, United States; Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Universite duQuebec aMontreal and Institut de Recherche sur les Forêts, Universite duQuebec en Abitibi-Temiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9X 5E4, Canada; Departement des Sciences Fondamentales, Universite duQuebec a Chicout...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Baltzer J.L.,Day N.J.,Walker X.J.,et al. Increasing fire and the decline of fire adapted black spruce in the boreal forest[J],2021,118(45).
APA	Baltzer J.L..,Day N.J..,Walker X.J..,Greene D..,Mack M.C..,...&Johnstone J.F..(2021).Increasing fire and the decline of fire adapted black spruce in the boreal forest.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(45).
MLA	Baltzer J.L.,et al."Increasing fire and the decline of fire adapted black spruce in the boreal forest".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.45(2021).