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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105577
	Thunderstorm charge structures favouring cloud-to-ground lightning
	Salvador A.; Pineda N.; Montanyà J.; López J.A.; Solà G.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0169-8095
卷号	257
英文摘要	Thunderstorm electrical structures favouring cloud-to-ground lightning were investigated through a Lightning Mapping Array (LMA), an accurate three-dimensional lightning location system that allows inferring the heights of the regions of charge. The present study focused on classical, convective-scale thunderstorms, aiming to shed new light on how the charge structure affects lightning production, especially the cloud-to-ground fraction, including flash rate and polarity. Results showed that lightning flashes mainly initiate at two levels, around −41 °C (9,150 m MSL) and around −7 °C height (4,730 m MSL). These initiation levels, located between the dominant positive and negative charge regions, allowed to define three main charge structures: an upper dipole (positive above negative), a classical tripole and a lower dipole (negative above positive). Several differences were found between the three categories in terms of the cloud-to-ground lightning production: (i) the classical tripole structure is the one presenting a higher cloud-to-ground flash rate (5.2 flashes·min−1); (ii) in terms of intensity, the presence of an upper positive charge region is more relevant than a lower positive below the main mid negative; (iii) conversely, the lower positive favours higher cloud-to-ground peak currents; (iv) A higher upper positive charge region favours a higher cloud-to-ground rate. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Atmospheric electricity; Cloud-to-ground flash rate; Electrification; Lightning mapping array; Thunderstorm electrical structure
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/236745
作者单位	Meteorological Service of Catalonia, Carrer Berlín 38-46, Barcelona, 08029, Spain; Lightning Research Group, Technical University of Catalonia, Campus de Terrassa, Edifici TR1, Carrer Colom, 1, Terrassa, 08222, Spain
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Salvador A.,Pineda N.,Montanyà J.,et al. Thunderstorm charge structures favouring cloud-to-ground lightning[J],2021,257.
APA	Salvador A.,Pineda N.,Montanyà J.,López J.A.,&Solà G..(2021).Thunderstorm charge structures favouring cloud-to-ground lightning.Atmospheric Research,257.
MLA	Salvador A.,et al."Thunderstorm charge structures favouring cloud-to-ground lightning".Atmospheric Research 257(2021).