气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced

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DOI	10.1038/s41561-020-0553-x
	Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced
	Oryan B.; Buck W.R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17520894
起始页码	319
结束页码	324
卷号	13 期号:4
英文摘要	A subset of megathrust earthquakes produce anomalously large tsunamis for their magnitude. All of these recorded ‘tsunami earthquakes’ in the past 50 years had extensional aftershocks in the upper plate. These include the two largest and most destructive earthquakes of that period, the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman and the 2011 Tohoku events. Evidence from the region of Tohoku indicates that normal fault slip in the upper plate during the earthquake may have contributed to the tsunami size. Here we present a numerical model that shows how a reduction of the dip of a subducting slab, on a timescale of millions of years, can result in an extensional fault failure above a megathrust earthquake on timescales of seconds to months. Slab dip reduction bends the upper plate so that the shallow part fails in extension when a megathrust rupture relieves compressional stress. This results in a distribution of extensional aftershocks comparable to that seen above the Tohoku megathrust. Volcanic arc migration and uplift data for Tohoku and several other tsunami earthquakes is consistent with slab dip reduction. The collection of more such data might identify other areas of tsunami hazard related to slab dip reduction. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
英文关键词	aftershock; dip-slip fault; plate tectonics; slab; Sumatra earthquake 2004; thrust; timescale; Tohoku earthquake 2011; tsunami
语种	英语
来源期刊	Nature Geoscience
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/206818
作者单位	Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Earth Institute at Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Oryan B.,Buck W.R.. Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced[J],2020,13(4).
APA	Oryan B.,&Buck W.R..(2020).Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced.Nature Geoscience,13(4).
MLA	Oryan B.,et al."Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced".Nature Geoscience 13.4(2020).