气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Evaluating rural Pacific Northwest towns for wildfire evacuation vulnerability

CCPortal

DOI	10.1007/s11069-021-04615-x
	Evaluating rural Pacific Northwest towns for wildfire evacuation vulnerability
	Dye A.W.; Kim J.B.; McEvoy A.; Fang F.; Riley K.L.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0921030X
起始页码	911
结束页码	935
卷号	107 期号:1
英文摘要	Wildfire is an annual threat for many rural communities in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. In some severe events, evacuation is one potential course of action to gain safety from an advancing wildfire. Since most evacuations occur in a personal vehicle along the surrounding road network, the quality of this network is a critical component of a community's vulnerability to wildfire. In this paper, we leverage a high-resolution spatial dataset of wildfire burn probability and mean fireline intensity to conduct a regional-scale screening of wildfire evacuation vulnerability for 696 Oregon and Washington rural towns. We characterize each town’s surrounding road network to construct four simple road metrics related to the potential to quickly and safely evacuate: (1) the number of paved lanes leaving town that intersect a fixed-distance circular buffer; (2) the variety of lane directions available for egress; (3) the travel area that can be reached within a minimum distance while constrained only to movement along the paved road network; and (4) the sum of connected lanes at each intersection for the road network within a fixed-distance circular buffer. We then combine the road metrics with two metrics characterizing fire hazard of the surrounding landscape through which evacuation will occur: (1) burn probability and (2) mean fireline intensity. By combining the road and fire metrics, we create a composite score for ranking all towns by their overall evacuation vulnerability. The most vulnerable towns are those where poor road networks overlap with high fire hazard. Often, these towns are located in remote, forested, mountainous terrain, where topographic relief constrains the available road network and high fuel loads increase wildfire hazard. An interactive map of all road quality and fire hazard metrics is available at https://www.fs.fed.us/wwetac/brief/evacuation.php. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature.
关键词	Evacuation Oregon Road networks Rural Washington Wildfire
英文关键词	annual variation; hazard assessment; road transport; rural area; vulnerability; wildfire; District of Columbia; Oregon; United States; Washington [District of Columbia]
语种	英语
来源期刊	Natural Hazards
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/206201
作者单位	Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, OR, United States; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, ORISE Fellow, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula Fire Sciences Lab, Missoula, MT, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Dye A.W.,Kim J.B.,McEvoy A.,et al. Evaluating rural Pacific Northwest towns for wildfire evacuation vulnerability[J],2021,107(1).
APA	Dye A.W.,Kim J.B.,McEvoy A.,Fang F.,&Riley K.L..(2021).Evaluating rural Pacific Northwest towns for wildfire evacuation vulnerability.Natural Hazards,107(1).
MLA	Dye A.W.,et al."Evaluating rural Pacific Northwest towns for wildfire evacuation vulnerability".Natural Hazards 107.1(2021).