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| DOI | 10.1007/s11069-020-04462-2 |
| Extreme sea levels at Rapa Nui (Easter Island) during intense atmospheric rivers | |
| Carvajal M.; Winckler P.; Garreaud R.; Igualt F.; Contreras-López M.; Averil P.; Cisternas M.; Gubler A.; Breuer W.A. | |
| 发表日期 | 2021 |
| ISSN | 0921030X |
| 起始页码 | 1619 |
| 结束页码 | 1637 |
| 卷号 | 106期号:2 |
| 英文摘要 | In addition to the tsunami hazard posed by distant great earthquakes, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), in the Southeast Pacific Ocean, is exposed to frequent and intense coastal storms. Here, we use sea-level records and field surveys guided by video and photographic footage to show that extreme sea levels at Rapa Nui occur much more frequent than previously thought and thus constitute an unrecognized hazard to the inland’s maritime supply chain. We found that extreme sea-level events, including the two most extreme (March 5th and May 5th, 2020) in our 17-month-long analyzed period (from January 1st, 2019, to May 31st, 2020), resulted from constructive superpositions of seiches on the shelf, storm surges and high tides. By further analyzing time series of atmospheric and wind-generated wave data, we conclude that these extreme sea levels are ultimately driven by the breaking of large waves near the coastline (i.e., wave setup), with lesser contribution of barometric setup and even less of wind setup. We also propose that these large waves were mainly generated from strong, long-lasting, NW winds associated with intense atmospheric rivers (long, narrow regions in the atmosphere that transport abundant water vapor) passing over Rapa Nui. Given that the intensity of atmospheric rivers and sea level are thought to increase as climate changes, a deeper understanding of the relation between meteorological and oceanographic processes at Rapa Nui is strongly needed. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature. |
| 关键词 | Atmospheric riversEaster IslandIntegrated water vaporMeteotsunamisRapa NuiSea levelSeichesShelf resonanceStorm surge |
| 英文关键词 | atmospheric dynamics; extreme event; field survey; hazard assessment; photography; sea level; sea level change; seiche; storm surge; time series; tsunami; vulnerability; water vapor; wind wave; Easter Island; Pacific Ocean; Pacific Ocean (Southeast) |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 来源期刊 | Natural Hazards
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/206139 |
| 作者单位 | Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Millennium Nucleus the Seismic Cycle along Subduction Zones (CYCLO), Valparaíso, Chile; Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Oceánica, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro de Investigación Para La Gestión Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN), Santiago, Chile; Centro de Observación Marino Para Estudios de Riesgos del Ambiente Costero (COSTAR-UV), Valparaíso, Chile; Department of Geophysics and Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Arquitectura y Diseño, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Carvajal M.,Winckler P.,Garreaud R.,et al. Extreme sea levels at Rapa Nui (Easter Island) during intense atmospheric rivers[J],2021,106(2). |
| APA | Carvajal M..,Winckler P..,Garreaud R..,Igualt F..,Contreras-López M..,...&Breuer W.A..(2021).Extreme sea levels at Rapa Nui (Easter Island) during intense atmospheric rivers.Natural Hazards,106(2). |
| MLA | Carvajal M.,et al."Extreme sea levels at Rapa Nui (Easter Island) during intense atmospheric rivers".Natural Hazards 106.2(2021). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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