气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Using mixing model to interpret the water sources and ratios in an under-sea mine

CCPortal

DOI	10.1007/s11069-020-04242-y
	Using mixing model to interpret the water sources and ratios in an under-sea mine
	Gu H.; Ni H.; Ma F.; Liu G.; Hui X.; Cao J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0921030X
起始页码	1705
结束页码	1722
卷号	104 期号:2
英文摘要	Identification of water sources is a key issue of water inrush. This study applied a mixing model based on hydrochemical data to identify water sources and proportions. This study highlighted (1) the importance of model scale and reaction evaluation before using the mixing model, (2) a newly proposed criterion based on eigenvalue analysis to identify the number of end-members, and (3) linear mixing model based on PCA (principal component analysis). 2.5 km2 area was an appropriate scale to mixing model because tectonics and lithology were simple. Ion activity, ion exchange, and cycle time of water were evaluated, indicating that groundwater components were dominated by the mixing process. Tracers, such as K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO4, δ18O, δD, EC, TH, and TDS, were used as tracers in the mixing model. Five end-members (representing seawater, Quaternary water, freshwater, Ca-rich water, and Mg-rich water) were identified based on eigenvalue analysis and hydrochemical evolution analysis. A linear mixing algorithm was programmed using Matlab to compute the ratio of each end-member. The results showed that seawater was the dominated water sources (70% at most) threatening the mining operations, especially at the deep levels. Quaternary water mainly recharged the middle level and made up 50% at − 420 m level. Freshwater recharged the shallow level and made up to 40% at − 150 m level. Ca-rich water and Mg-rich water decreased with time. Finally, cross test and extension test of this method showed a high precision in reconstructing ion concentrations, low sensitivity to noise data, and highly extendible to future data. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
关键词	Hydrochemistry Mixing model PCA Proportion Water inrush Water sources
英文关键词	concentration (composition); ground conditions; hydrochemistry; infiltration; ion exchange; ionic composition; model test; precision; principal component analysis; reconstruction; submarine mining
语种	英语
来源期刊	Natural Hazards
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/205709
作者单位	Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chegndu, Sichuan 610081, China; China Merchants Chongqing Communications Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China; Xian Center, China Geological Survey, Xian, Shanxi 710054, China; Beijing Jingtou Urban Utility Tunnel Investment Co., Ltd, Beijing, China; Beijing Infrastructure Investment Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gu H.,Ni H.,Ma F.,et al. Using mixing model to interpret the water sources and ratios in an under-sea mine[J],2020,104(2).
APA	Gu H.,Ni H.,Ma F.,Liu G.,Hui X.,&Cao J..(2020).Using mixing model to interpret the water sources and ratios in an under-sea mine.Natural Hazards,104(2).
MLA	Gu H.,et al."Using mixing model to interpret the water sources and ratios in an under-sea mine".Natural Hazards 104.2(2020).