气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Surge in global metal mining threatens vulnerable ecosystems

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DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102303
	Surge in global metal mining threatens vulnerable ecosystems
	Luckeneder S.; Giljum S.; Schaffartzik A.; Maus V.; Tost M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	9593780
卷号	69
英文摘要	Mining activities induce profound changes to societies and the environment they inhabit. With global extraction of metal ores doubling over the past two decades, pressures related to mining have dramatically increased. In this paper, we explore where growing global metal extraction has particularly taken effect. Using fine-grain data, we investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of mining of nine metal ores (bauxite, copper, gold, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, silver and zinc) across approximately 3,000 sites of extraction worldwide between 2000 and 2019. To approach the related environmental implications, we intersect mining sites with terrestrial biomes, protected areas, and watersheds categorised by water availability. We find that 79% of global metal ore extraction in 2019 originated from five of the six most species-rich biomes, with mining volumes doubling since 2000 in tropical moist forest ecosystems. We also find that half of global metal ore extraction took place at 20 km or less from protected territories. Further, 90% of all considered extraction sites correspond to below-average relative water availability, with particularly copper and gold mining occurring in areas with significant water scarcity. Our study has far-reaching implications for future global and local policy and resource management responses to mitigate the negative effects of the expected expansion of metal mining. © 2021 The Author(s)
关键词	Mining Natural resources Raw material extraction mapping Socio-environmental impact
英文关键词	mining; resource management; spatiotemporal analysis; temporal distribution; vulnerability; water availability
语种	英语
来源期刊	Global Environmental Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/205518
作者单位	Institute for Ecological Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU), Austria; Institute of Social Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria; Chair of Mining Engineering and Mineral Economics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Austria
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Luckeneder S.,Giljum S.,Schaffartzik A.,et al. Surge in global metal mining threatens vulnerable ecosystems[J],2021,69.
APA	Luckeneder S.,Giljum S.,Schaffartzik A.,Maus V.,&Tost M..(2021).Surge in global metal mining threatens vulnerable ecosystems.Global Environmental Change,69.
MLA	Luckeneder S.,et al."Surge in global metal mining threatens vulnerable ecosystems".Global Environmental Change 69(2021).