气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112140
	Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook
	Giraudet L.-G.; Bourgeois C.; Quirion P.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	03014215
卷号	151
英文摘要	Energy demand for residential heating is targeted in France by a number of subsidy programmes (tax credits, zero-interest loans, reduced VAT, white certificates) and the carbon tax. We assess the cost-effectiveness and distributional impacts of these policies using Res-IRF, an energy-economy model that integrates relevant economic, behavioural and technological processes. We find that, without further specification of revenue recycling, the carbon tax is the most effective, yet most regressive, policy. Subsidy programmes save energy at a cost of €0.05–0.08 per lifetime discounted kilowatt-hour, or €300–800/tCO2-eq; one euro of public money spent on subsidy programmes induces €1.0–1.4 private investment in home energy retrofits. Targeting subsidies towards low-income households, who tend to live in energy inefficient dwellings, increases leverage, thus reconciling economic efficiency and equity. The public cost of subsidies – €3 billion in 2013 – is outweighed by carbon tax proceeds from 2025 onwards, were the tax rate to grow as initially planned by the government. Meeting the long-term energy saving targets set by the government however requires adjusting subsidy programmes to better address rental housing. Lastly, an order-of-magnitude discrepancy between simulated and observed numbers of zero-interest loans points to economic and psychological barriers that require further investigation. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
关键词	Carbon tax Energy efficiency subsidies Energy-economy modelling Fuel poverty Rebound effect Res-IRF model Residential heating White certificate obligations Zero-interest rate loans
英文关键词	Carbon; Cost effectiveness; Economic and social effects; Emission control; Energy conservation; Heating; Housing; Investments; Taxation; Economic efficiency; Energy retrofit; Energy saving targets; Energy-economy models; Private investment; Residential heating; Technological process; White certificates; Costs; affordable housing; energy efficiency; energy policy; energy resource; environmental economics; environmental policy; heating; interest rate; policy analysis; pollution tax; rental sector; residential energy; France
语种	英语
来源期刊	Energy Policy
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/205108
作者单位	Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, CIRED, France; CNRS, CIRED, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Giraudet L.-G.,Bourgeois C.,Quirion P.. Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook[J],2021,151.
APA	Giraudet L.-G.,Bourgeois C.,&Quirion P..(2021).Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook.Energy Policy,151.
MLA	Giraudet L.-G.,et al."Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook".Energy Policy 151(2021).