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DOI	10.1111/ele.13665
	When do Janzen–Connell effects matter? A phylogenetic meta-analysis of conspecific negative distance and density dependence experiments
	Song X.; Lim J.Y.; Yang J.; Luskin M.S.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1461023X
起始页码	608
结束页码	620
卷号	24 期号:3
英文摘要	The Janzen–Connell (J-C) hypothesis suggests that specialised natural enemies cause distance- or density-dependent mortality among host plants and is regarded as an important mechanism for species coexistence. However, there remains debate about whether this phenomenon is widespread and how variation is structured across taxa and life stages. We performed the largest meta-analysis of experimental studies conducted under natural settings to date. We found little evidence of distance-dependent or density-dependent mortality when grouping all types of manipulations. Our analysis also reveals very large variation in response among species, with 38.5% of species even showing positive responses to manipulations. However, we found a strong signal of distance-dependent mortality among seedlings but not seed experiments, which we attribute to (a) seedlings sharing susceptible tissues with adults (leaves, wood, roots), (b) seedling enemies having worse dispersal than seed enemies and (c) seedlings having fewer physical and chemical defences than seeds. Both density- and distance-dependent mortality showed large variation within genera and families, suggesting that J-C effects are not strongly phylogenetically conserved. There were no clear trends with latitude, rainfall or study duration. We conclude that J-C effects may not be as pervasive as widely thought. Understanding the variation in J-C effects provides opportunities for new discoveries that will refine our understanding of J-C effects and its role in species coexistence. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
关键词	Density dependence distance dependence experiments herbivory host-specific enemies plant mortality plant recruitment plant–animal interactions seed dispersal seed predation
英文关键词	coexistence; conspecific; density dependence; experimental study; host plant; hypothesis testing; meta-analysis; mortality; natural enemy; phylogenetics; seedling; human; meta analysis; phylogeny; plant; plant leaf; plant seed; seedling; Humans; Phylogeny; Plant Leaves; Plants; Seedlings; Seeds
语种	英语
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/204492
作者单位	Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Song X.,Lim J.Y.,Yang J.,等. When do Janzen–Connell effects matter? A phylogenetic meta-analysis of conspecific negative distance and density dependence experiments[J],2021,24(3).
APA	Song X.,Lim J.Y.,Yang J.,&Luskin M.S..(2021).When do Janzen–Connell effects matter? A phylogenetic meta-analysis of conspecific negative distance and density dependence experiments.Ecology Letters,24(3).
MLA	Song X.,et al."When do Janzen–Connell effects matter? A phylogenetic meta-analysis of conspecific negative distance and density dependence experiments".Ecology Letters 24.3(2021).