气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Three questions about the eco-physiology of overwintering underground

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DOI	10.1111/ele.13636
	Three questions about the eco-physiology of overwintering underground
	Huey R.B.; Ma L.; Levy O.; Kearney M.R.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1461023X
起始页码	170
结束页码	185
卷号	24 期号:2
英文摘要	In cold environments ectotherms can be dormant underground for long periods. In 1941 Cowles proposed an ecological trade-off involving the depth at which ectotherms overwintered: on warm days, only shallow reptiles could detect warming soils and become active; but on cold days, they risked freezing. Cowles discovered that most reptiles at a desert site overwintered at shallow depths. To extend his study, we compiled hourly soil temperatures (5 depths, 90 sites, continental USA) and physiological data, and simulated consequences of overwintering at fixed depths. In warm localities shallow ectotherms have lowest energy costs and largest reserves in spring, but in cold localities, they risk freezing. Ectotherms shifting hourly to the coldest depth potentially reduce energy expenses, but paradoxically sometimes have higher expenses than those at fixed depths. Biophysical simulations for a desert site predict that shallow ectotherms have increased opportunities for mid-winter activity but need to move deep to digest captured food. Our simulations generate testable predictions to eco-physiological questions but rely on physiological responses to acute cold rather than to natural cooling profiles. Furthermore, natural-history data to test most predictions do not exist. Thus, our simulation approach uncovers knowledge gaps and suggests research agendas for studying ectotherms overwintering underground. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
关键词	Biophysics climate change cold tolerance digestion dormancy energy reserves soil temperature thermal ecology winter biology
英文关键词	cooling; ecophysiology; ectothermy; freezing; numerical model; overwintering; shallow water; simulation; trade-off; warming; United States; Reptilia; cold; freezing; season; soil; temperature; Cold Temperature; Freezing; Seasons; Soil; Temperature
语种	英语
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/204412
作者单位	Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States; Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States; School of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Huey R.B.,Ma L.,Levy O.,et al. Three questions about the eco-physiology of overwintering underground[J],2021,24(2).
APA	Huey R.B.,Ma L.,Levy O.,&Kearney M.R..(2021).Three questions about the eco-physiology of overwintering underground.Ecology Letters,24(2).
MLA	Huey R.B.,et al."Three questions about the eco-physiology of overwintering underground".Ecology Letters 24.2(2021).