气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Making sense of virus size and the tradeoffs shaping viral fitness

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DOI	10.1111/ele.13630
	Making sense of virus size and the tradeoffs shaping viral fitness
	Edwards K.F.; Steward G.F.; Schvarcz C.R.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1461023X
起始页码	363
结束页码	373
卷号	24 期号:2
英文摘要	Viruses span an impressive size range, with genome length varying a thousandfold and virion volume nearly a millionfold. For cellular organisms the scaling of traits with size is a pervasive influence on ecological processes, but whether size plays a central role in viral ecology is unknown. Here, we focus on viruses of aquatic unicellular organisms, which exhibit the greatest known range of virus size. We outline hypotheses within a quantitative framework, and analyse data where available, to consider how size affects the primary components of viral fitness. We argue that larger viruses have fewer offspring per infection and slower contact rates with host cells, but a larger genome tends to increase infection efficiency, broaden host range, and potentially increase attachment success and decrease decay rate. These countervailing selective pressures may explain why a breadth of sizes exist and even coexist when infecting the same host populations. Oligotrophic ecosystems may be enriched in “giant” viruses, because environments with resource-limited phagotrophs at low concentrations may select for broader host range, better control of host metabolism, lower decay rate and a physical size that mimics bacterial prey. Finally, we describe where further research is needed to understand the ecology and evolution of viral size diversity. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
关键词	Allometric scaling bacteria burst size competition decay rate diffusivity giant virus host range phage phytoplankton
英文关键词	cell; concentration (composition); fitness; genome; host range; quantitative analysis; trade-off; virus; Bacteria (microorganisms); cellular organisms; DNA virus; aquatic species; bacterium; ecosystem; genetics; virus; Aquatic Organisms; Bacteria; DNA Viruses; Ecosystem; Viruses
语种	英语
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/204383
作者单位	Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Edwards K.F.,Steward G.F.,Schvarcz C.R.. Making sense of virus size and the tradeoffs shaping viral fitness[J],2021,24(2).
APA	Edwards K.F.,Steward G.F.,&Schvarcz C.R..(2021).Making sense of virus size and the tradeoffs shaping viral fitness.Ecology Letters,24(2).
MLA	Edwards K.F.,et al."Making sense of virus size and the tradeoffs shaping viral fitness".Ecology Letters 24.2(2021).