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| DOI | 10.1111/ele.13517 |
| The seventh macronutrient: how sodium shortfall ramifies through populations, food webs and ecosystems | |
| Kaspari M. | |
| 发表日期 | 2020 |
| ISSN | 1461023X |
| 起始页码 | 1153 |
| 结束页码 | 1168 |
| 卷号 | 23期号:7 |
| 英文摘要 | Of the 25 elements required to build most organisms, sodium has a unique set of characteristics that ramify through terrestrial ecology. In plants, sodium is found in low concentrations and has little metabolic function; in plant consumers, particularly animals, sodium is essential to running costly Na-K ATPases. Here I synthesise a diverse literature from physiology, agronomy and ecology, towards identifying sodium’s place as the ‘7th macronutrient’, one whose shortfall targets two trophic levels – herbivores and detritivores. I propose that sodium also plays a central, though unheralded role in herbivore digestion, via its importance to maintaining microbiomes and denaturing tannins. I highlight how sodium availability is a key determinant of consumer abundance and the geography of herbivory and detritivory. And I propose a re-appraisal of the assumption that, because sodium is metabolically unimportant to most plants, it is of little use. Instead, I suggest that sodium’s critical role in limiting herbivore performance makes it a commodity used by plants to manipulate their herbivores and mutualists, and by consumers like bison and elephants to generate grazing lawns: dependable sources of sodium. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS |
| 关键词 | Biogeochemistrybiogeographyglobal changeherbivoryionomicsplant chemistryplant–consumer interactionspollinationsodiumstoichiometry |
| 英文关键词 | commodity; concentration (composition); detritivory; food web; herbivory; metabolism; nutrient availability; physiology; sodium; tannin; trophic level; Animalia; Bison; Elephantidae; sodium; animal; ecosystem; food chain; herbivory; Animals; Ecosystem; Food Chain; Herbivory; Nutrients; Sodium |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 来源期刊 | Ecology Letters
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/204245 |
| 作者单位 | Geographical Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kaspari M.. The seventh macronutrient: how sodium shortfall ramifies through populations, food webs and ecosystems[J],2020,23(7). |
| APA | Kaspari M..(2020).The seventh macronutrient: how sodium shortfall ramifies through populations, food webs and ecosystems.Ecology Letters,23(7). |
| MLA | Kaspari M.."The seventh macronutrient: how sodium shortfall ramifies through populations, food webs and ecosystems".Ecology Letters 23.7(2020). |
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