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DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103580
	Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments on crystalline rock for geothermal purposes
	Zhuang L.; Zang A.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00128252
卷号	216
英文摘要	This article reviews laboratory experimental studies on hydraulic fracturing under triaxial and true triaxial stress conditions in crystalline rock for geothermal purposes, and places particular focus on the stimulation of Enhanced Geothermal Systems. First, parameters that influence hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation and breakdown pressure are reviewed and discussed. The parameters including micro-structure, fluid viscosity, injection rate, and fluid infiltration, and stress conditions are identified as the key controlling factors in hydraulic fracture growth in hard rock. Second, innovative injection schemes, such as cyclic and fatigue hydraulic fracturing, are reviewed because they show advantages both in fracture network creation in granite and in mitigating and controlling induced seismicity via fluid injection. Third, this review includes fracture-inspection techniques, non-destructive methods of acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and X-ray computed tomography (CT), and microscopic observations used for quantifying the efficiency of injection protocols. In addition to AE parameters, such as AE event rate and source location, we emphasize the importance of in-depth AE analysis on the failure mode and radiated seismic energy. X-ray CT and microscopic observation enable fractures in the rock volume to be quantified, and thereby lead to a better understanding the mechanism behind hydraulic fracturing. Combined measurements of AE and CT yield insights into the complex process of hydraulic fracture and permeability enhancement. The discussion section is enriched with diagrams that connect the injection rate and the resulting fluid infiltration zone and fracture process zone, granite-specific hydraulic fracturing behavior, and practical upscaling elements for potential field applications in geothermal fields. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
关键词	Acoustic emission monitoring Enhanced geothermal system (EGS)Fracture observation Hydraulic breakdown model Injection scheme X-ray computed tomography
英文关键词	acoustics; crystalline rock; emission inventory; enhanced geothermal system; experimental study; fluid injection; geothermal system; hydraulic fracturing; permeability; tomography; triaxial test
语种	英语
来源期刊	Earth Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/204193
作者单位	Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang, South Korea; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhuang L.,Zang A.. Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments on crystalline rock for geothermal purposes[J],2021,216.
APA	Zhuang L.,&Zang A..(2021).Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments on crystalline rock for geothermal purposes.Earth Science Reviews,216.
MLA	Zhuang L.,et al."Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments on crystalline rock for geothermal purposes".Earth Science Reviews 216(2021).