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DOI10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103756
Evaluation of physical and chemical proxies used to interpret past glaciations with a focus on the late Paleozoic Ice Age
Isbell J.L.; Vesely F.F.; Rosa E.L.M.; Pauls K.N.; Fedorchuk N.D.; Ives L.R.W.; McNall N.B.; Litwin S.A.; Borucki M.K.; Malone J.E.; Kusick A.R.
发表日期2021
ISSN00128252
卷号221
英文摘要The late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) was one of Earth's most important Phanerozoic climatic events lasting for over 100 Mys. Despite its importance, its history is controversial with two hypotheses that portray glaciation differently (Fig. 1). Traditional views characterize the LPIA as a continuous glacial event that lasted from the Middle Mississippian until the Late Permian with a massive ice sheet that covered Gondwana throughout this interval. This approach often uses only one or two proxies to define the glaciation. The other emerging hypothesis suggests that numerous ice sheets occurred in Gondwana with individual glacial events lasting up to 10 Mys alternating with glacial minima/non-glacial intervals of similar duration. Both views are still prevalent. Both near- and far-field proxies are used to define the ice age. Near-field proxies include the occurrence/absence of diamictites, glaciotectonic deposits/landforms, striated clasts and clast pavements, outsized clasts (dropstones), rhythmites, cyclic diamictite-bearing successions, glendonites, grooved and striated surfaces, streamline landforms, and U-shaped paleovalleys. Detrital zircons and chemical index of alteration (CIA) studies help to delineate the occurrence, extent, and location of glaciation. Multiple complexities occur with the use of these proxies as different non-glacial processes and driving factors can produce similar features or results. Far-field proxies focus on identifying changes in eustacy. These include the occurrence of cyclic successions composed of alternating nonmarine and marine strata (cyclothems), depth of incised valleys, paleotopographic relief, phosphatic black shales, and changing oxygen isotope ratios. Like the near-field record, far-field proxies are complex indicators with varied nuances that make their application challenging. Here we discuss the limitations and use of these proxies and promote a multiproxy approach to investigating Earth's glacial intervals. We suggest that studies incorporate multiple proxies coupled with detailed environmental, paleoflow, and paleogeographic analyses to better constrain the occurrence, timing, and extent of glaciation and its influence on global systems. This approach will provide a robust view of the LPIA. We also consider the magnitude and nature of sea-level response to changing ice volumes by discussing ice-volume fluctuations, basin subsidence's modification of glacioeustacy, and sea-level's response to global isostatic adjustment (GIA). In considering these features, it becomes apparent that glacioeustacy is more complex than previously envisioned. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
关键词Far-field proxiesGlacial isostatic adjustmentGlacial proxiesGlacioeustacyLate Paleozoic Ice AgeNear-field proxies
语种英语
来源期刊Earth Science Reviews
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/204053
作者单位Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States; Departamento de Geologia, UFPR - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19001, Curitiba, PR CEP 81531-980, Brazil; Department of Earth Science, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT 06515, United States
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Isbell J.L.,Vesely F.F.,Rosa E.L.M.,et al. Evaluation of physical and chemical proxies used to interpret past glaciations with a focus on the late Paleozoic Ice Age[J],2021,221.
APA Isbell J.L..,Vesely F.F..,Rosa E.L.M..,Pauls K.N..,Fedorchuk N.D..,...&Kusick A.R..(2021).Evaluation of physical and chemical proxies used to interpret past glaciations with a focus on the late Paleozoic Ice Age.Earth Science Reviews,221.
MLA Isbell J.L.,et al."Evaluation of physical and chemical proxies used to interpret past glaciations with a focus on the late Paleozoic Ice Age".Earth Science Reviews 221(2021).
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