气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Revisiting the dynamics of catastrophic late Pleistocene glacial-lake drainage, Altai Mountains, central Asia

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102892
	Revisiting the dynamics of catastrophic late Pleistocene glacial-lake drainage, Altai Mountains, central Asia
	Bohorquez P.; Jimenez-Ruiz P.J.; Carling P.A.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	00128252
卷号	197
英文摘要	In this work, we present a whole system model of megafloods from catastrophic ice-dam failure in the late Pleistocene that comprises the study of the dynamics of the glacial lake, the propagation of the flood wave downstream of the dam, and an approximation to the ice breach process. The ice-dam incision rate was simply considered an unknown constant, which was varied systematically to best fit the maximum altitude of the simulated water surface and the paleostage indicators in the downstream valley during the transient megaflood. Hence, the hydrograph resulting from the breach of the ice dam was not prescribed but was an output of the paleohydraulic reconstruction. By considering two possible configurations of the breach in the ice dam, i.e. full or partial removal of the ice, we constrained the incision rate in the narrow range of 28 − 42 m ⋅ h−1. Two connected glacial lakes, Kuray and Chuja, released 95% of the stored water volume (i.e., 564 km3) in 33.8 hours. A peak discharge of 10.5 M m3 ⋅ s−1 was required to form numerous giant bars and run-up deposits in the Chuja and Katun valleys. The peak streamflow occurred after 11 h when 45% of the available lake volume had been evacuated from the Kuray and Chuja basins. Further verification of the reconstructed megaflood was achieved by studying the computed hydraulic conditions during the lake draining that justify the existence and orientation of several fields of subaqueous gravel-dunes in the glacial lake. Complex spatiotemporal patterns during the recession stage of the flood built most of the fields of bedforms. In terms of nondimensional parameters, the Froude and Shields numbers that formed the dune fields were similar to those observed in large sandy rivers, but the flow was undoubtedly unsteady and two-dimensional. We conclude by noting that the extensions of the simulated area cannot be cropped or analysed by independent parts in order to predict the formation of the most relevant geological records due to the unsteady, two-dimensional nature of the flow motion and the development of backwater effects in the drainage network. Lastly, the paleohydrological reconstruction of a megaflood has helped not only to infer the dynamics of the event but also to retrodict the mean parameters of the ice-dam failure mechanism. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
关键词	Altai Mountains Giant gravel dunes Lake drainage Megaflood Paleohydrology
英文关键词	catastrophic event; drainage; flood; ice-dammed lake; paleohydrology; Pleistocene; streamflow; Altai Mountains
语种	英语
来源期刊	Earth Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/203393
作者单位	Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias de la Tierra (CEACTierra), Universidad de Jaén, Campus de las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain; Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Minera, Universidad de Jaén, Campus de las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain; Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bohorquez P.,Jimenez-Ruiz P.J.,Carling P.A.. Revisiting the dynamics of catastrophic late Pleistocene glacial-lake drainage, Altai Mountains, central Asia[J],2019,197.
APA	Bohorquez P.,Jimenez-Ruiz P.J.,&Carling P.A..(2019).Revisiting the dynamics of catastrophic late Pleistocene glacial-lake drainage, Altai Mountains, central Asia.Earth Science Reviews,197.
MLA	Bohorquez P.,et al."Revisiting the dynamics of catastrophic late Pleistocene glacial-lake drainage, Altai Mountains, central Asia".Earth Science Reviews 197(2019).