气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Rock strength and structural controls on fluvial erodibility: Implications for drainage divide mobility in a collisional mountain belt

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DOI	10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116221
	Rock strength and structural controls on fluvial erodibility: Implications for drainage divide mobility in a collisional mountain belt
	Zondervan J.R.; Stokes M.; Boulton S.J.; Telfer M.W.; Mather A.E.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0012821X
卷号	538
英文摘要	Numerical model simulations and experiments have suggested that when migration of the main drainage divide occurs in a mountain belt, it can lead to the rearrangement of river catchments, rejuvenation of topography, and changes in erosion rates and sediment flux. We assess the progressive mobility of the drainage divide in three lithologically and structurally distinct groups of bedrock in the High Atlas (NW Africa). The geological age of bedrock and its associated tectonic architecture in the mountain belt increases from east to west in the study area, allowing us to track both variations in rock strength and structural configuration which influence drainage mobility during erosion through an exhuming mountain belt. Collection of field derived measurements of rock strength using a Schmidt hammer and computer based extraction of river channel steepness permit estimations of contrasts in fluvial erodibilities of rock types. The resulting difference in fluvial erodibility between the weakest and the strongest lithological unit is up to two orders of magnitude. Published evidence of geomorphic mobility of the drainage divide indicates that such a range in erodibilities in horizontal stratigraphy of the sedimentary cover may lead to changes in erosion rates as rivers erode through strata, leading to drainage divide migration. In contrast, we show that the faulted and folded metamorphic sedimentary rocks in the centre of the mountain belt coincide with a stable drainage divide. Finally, where the strong igneous rocks of the crystalline basement are exposed after erosion of the covering meta-sediments, there is a decrease in fluvial erodibility of up to a factor of three, where the drainage divide is mobile towards the centre of the exposed crystalline basement. The mobility of the drainage divide in response to erosion through rock-types and their structural configuration in a mountain belt has implications for the perception of autogenic dynamism of drainage networks and fluvial erosion in mountain belts, and the interpretation of the geomorphology and downstream stratigraphy. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
关键词	collisional mountain belt drainage divide erodibility High Atlas rock strength
英文关键词	Buildings; Catchments; Igneous rocks; Landforms; Lithology; Metamorphic rocks; Rivers; Sedimentary rocks; Sedimentology; Stratigraphy; Structural dynamics; Topography; Collisional mountain belts; Crystalline basement; Erodibility; High Atlas; Numerical model simulations; Orders of magnitude; Rock strength; Structural configurations; Erosion; collision zone; drainage network; erodibility; numerical model; rock mechanics; sedimentary rock
语种	英语
来源期刊	Earth and Planetary Science Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/203013
作者单位	School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zondervan J.R.,Stokes M.,Boulton S.J.,et al. Rock strength and structural controls on fluvial erodibility: Implications for drainage divide mobility in a collisional mountain belt[J],2020,538.
APA	Zondervan J.R.,Stokes M.,Boulton S.J.,Telfer M.W.,&Mather A.E..(2020).Rock strength and structural controls on fluvial erodibility: Implications for drainage divide mobility in a collisional mountain belt.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,538.
MLA	Zondervan J.R.,et al."Rock strength and structural controls on fluvial erodibility: Implications for drainage divide mobility in a collisional mountain belt".Earth and Planetary Science Letters 538(2020).