气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Two-dimensional liquid water flow through snow at the plot scale in continental snowpacks: Simulations and field data comparisons

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DOI	10.5194/tc-15-1423-2021
	Two-dimensional liquid water flow through snow at the plot scale in continental snowpacks: Simulations and field data comparisons
	Webb R.W.; Jennings K.; Finsterle S.; Fassnacht S.R.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	19940416
起始页码	1423
结束页码	1434
卷号	15 期号:3
英文摘要	Modeling the multidimensional flow of liquid water through snow has been limited in spatial and temporal scales to date. Here, we present simulations using the inverse TOUGH2 (iTOUGH2) model informed by the model SNOWPACK, referred to as SnowTOUGH. We use SnowTOUGH to simulate snow metamorphism, melt/freeze processes, and liquid water movement in two-dimensional snowpacks at the plot scale (20 m) on a sloping ground surface during multi-day observation periods at three field sites in northern Colorado, USA. Model results compare well with sites below the treeline and above the treeline but not at a site near the treeline. Results show the importance of longitudinal intra-snowpack flow paths (i.e., parallel to ground surface in the downslope direction and sometimes referred to as lateral flow), particularly during times when the snow surface (i.e., snow-Atmosphere interface) is not actively melting. At our above-Treeline site, simulations show that longitudinal flow can occur at rates orders of magnitude greater than vertically downward percolating water flow at a mean ratio of 75:1 as a result of hydraulic barriers that divert flow. Our near-Treeline site simulations resulted in slightly less longitudinal flow than vertically percolating water, and the below-Treeline site resulted in negligible longitudinal flow of liquid water. These results show the increasing influence of longitudinal intra-snowpack flow paths with elevation, similar to field observations. Results of this study suggest that intra-snowpack longitudinal flow may be an important process for consideration in hydrologic modeling for higher-elevation headwater catchments. © 2021 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	catchment; data set; groundwater flow; headwater; hydrological modeling; simulation; snowpack; two-dimensional flow; water flow; Colorado; United States
语种	英语
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/202451
作者单位	Department of Civil Construction, and Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Center for Water and the Environment, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States; Lynker, Boulder, CO 80301, United States; Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States; Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, United States; Finsterle GeoConsulting, Kensington, CA 94708, United States; Ecosystem Science and Sustainability-Watershed Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States; Coopertive Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, United States; Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Webb R.W.,Jennings K.,Finsterle S.,et al. Two-dimensional liquid water flow through snow at the plot scale in continental snowpacks: Simulations and field data comparisons[J],2021,15(3).
APA	Webb R.W.,Jennings K.,Finsterle S.,&Fassnacht S.R..(2021).Two-dimensional liquid water flow through snow at the plot scale in continental snowpacks: Simulations and field data comparisons.Cryosphere,15(3).
MLA	Webb R.W.,et al."Two-dimensional liquid water flow through snow at the plot scale in continental snowpacks: Simulations and field data comparisons".Cryosphere 15.3(2021).