气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): Evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet

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DOI	10.5194/tc-14-3785-2020
	The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): Evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet
	Vandecrux B.; Mottram R.; L. Langen P.; S. Fausto R.; Olesen M.; Max Stevens C.; Verjans V.; Leeson A.; Ligtenberg S.; Kuipers Munneke P.; Marchenko S.; Van Pelt W.; R. Meyer C.; B. Simonsen S.; Heilig A.; Samimi S.; Marshall S.; MacHguth H.; MacFerrin M.; Niwano M.; Miller O.; I. Voss C.; E. Box J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	19940416
起始页码	3785
结束页码	3810
卷号	14 期号:11
英文摘要	Perennial snow, or firn, covers 80% of the Greenland ice sheet and has the capacity to retain surface meltwater, influencing the ice sheet mass balance and contribution to sea-level rise. Multilayer firn models are traditionally used to simulate firn processes and estimate meltwater retention. We present, intercompare and evaluate outputs from nine firn models at four sites that represent the ice sheet's dry snow, percolation, ice slab and firn aquifer areas. The models are forced by mass and energy fluxes derived from automatic weather stations and compared to firn density, temperature and meltwater percolation depth observations. Models agree relatively well at the dry-snow site while elsewhere their meltwater infiltration schemes lead to marked differences in simulated firn characteristics. Models accounting for deep meltwater percolation overestimate percolation depth and firn temperature at the percolation and ice slab sites but accurately simulate recharge of the firn aquifer. Models using Darcy's law and bucket schemes compare favorably to observed firn temperature and meltwater percolation depth at the percolation site, but only the Darcy models accurately simulate firn temperature and percolation at the ice slab site. Despite good performance at certain locations, no single model currently simulates meltwater infiltration adequately at all sites. The model spread in estimated meltwater retention and runoff increases with increasing meltwater input. The highest runoff was calculated at the KAN_U site in 2012, when average total runoff across models (2) was 353610mmw.e. (water equivalent), about 2748% of the surface meltwater input. We identify potential causes for the model spread and the mismatch with observations and provide recommendations for future model development and firn investigation. © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
英文关键词	acceleration; air temperature; aquifer; firn; freezing; ice sheet; meltwater; percolation; runoff; water storage; weather station; Arctic; Greenland; Greenland Ice Sheet
语种	英语
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/202232
作者单位	Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, IClimate Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Weather Impact, Amersfoort, Netherlands; Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Geosciences, University...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Vandecrux B.,Mottram R.,L. Langen P.,et al. The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): Evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet[J],2020,14(11).
APA	Vandecrux B..,Mottram R..,L. Langen P..,S. Fausto R..,Olesen M..,...&E. Box J..(2020).The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): Evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet.Cryosphere,14(11).
MLA	Vandecrux B.,et al."The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): Evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet".Cryosphere 14.11(2020).