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基于农户的沙漠化人为驱动机制及其防治模式研究
项目编号40501070
周立华
项目主持机构中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
开始日期2006
结束日期2008-12-31
中文摘要【中文摘要】本项目以宁夏盐池县为研究区域,分析了土地沙漠化的动态变化过程,1986-1995年沙漠化较为严重,2000-2005年,受生态保护政策的影响,开始表现出逆转趋势,但整个县域的景观格局变化受人类活动的影响越来越强。对沙漠化过程驱动因素贡献率的定量研究表明,1953-2006年,人类活动对沙漠化的贡献率为74.33%,自然因素的贡献率为25.67%,2002年实行禁牧以来,人为因素对沙漠化的贡献率减弱了14.4%,表明禁牧政策对沙漠化防治起到了积极作用。应用农户调查方法,从农户角度分析了人类经济活动对沙漠化过程的影响,以及当前生态保护政策失灵的经济和制度原因,结果表明,目前的生态保护政策与农户经济行为存在两个基本矛盾。应用系统动力学模型,对禁牧政策下不同放牧程度情景的沙漠化过程进行了模拟研究,结果表明,随着禁牧程度的增强,沙漠化面积呈明显的递减趋势,当禁牧程度达到30%,沙漠化开始由发展变为逆转趋势,而当禁牧程度超过40%,禁牧对沙漠化逆转的作用基本消失。本项目的研究结论可以促进沙漠化人为因素定量化的基础研究,为盐池县及类似地区的沙漠化防治,构建人与自然相和谐的可持续发展模式提供科学依据。
【英文摘要】The study area of this project is Yanchi County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region located in northwest China. RS and GIS technology has been applied to this research project to analyze the dynamic change processes of land desertification in Yanchi County. The result shows that land desertification was very serious during 1986 - 1995, however, from 2000 to 2005, land desertificaton began to alleviating and reversing due to the benefit from some ecological protection policy. At the same time, the landscape transformation of Yanchi County was impacted by the human activities more and more. On the basis of the data accessibility, this project researched the time series variation of the driving factors in the process of the land desertification in Yanchi County. The method of factor analysis was applied to the research. The results shows that the contribution rate of human activity in the process of land desertification account for 74.33% in 1953-2006, at the same time, the contribution rate of natural factors was 25.67%. However, the contribution rate of human activity has been reduced 14.4% from 2002 to 2006. It indicates that the forbid grazing policy was effective for the desertification reversion. we have finished some household investigation work to study the characteristics of the household's economic behavior and their environment consciousness, and then to analysis the effects of human economic activity impacted on desertification from the household point of view. The results shows that there are two basic contradiction between the current ecological protection policy and the households' economic behavior. Systems dynamics model has been applied in this project to simulate the desertification process of different grazing degree under the forbid grazing policy. The result shows that land desertificaiton alleviating and reversing obviously along with the alleviating of grazing degree. At last, we brought forward some eco-economic sustainable development pattern based on household of different desertification types area. This project will not only make favor to the basic research of human impact mechanism and quantitative study of human factors of land desertification process, but also can provide science theories for Yanchi County and other similar regions to support their sustainable development.
【结题摘要】本项目以宁夏盐池县为研究区域,分析了土地沙漠化的动态变化过程,1986-1995年沙漠化较为严重,2000-2005年,受生态保护政策的影响,开始表现出逆转趋势,但整个县域的景观格局变化受人类活动的影响越来越强。对沙漠化过程驱动因素贡献率的定量研究表明,1953-2006年,人类活动对沙漠化的贡献率为74.33%,自然因素的贡献率为25.67%,2002年实行禁牧以来,人为因素对沙漠化的贡献率减弱了14.4%,表明禁牧政策对沙漠化防治起到了积极作用。应用农户调查方法,从农户角度分析了人类经济活动对沙漠化过程的影响,以及当前生态保护政策失灵的经济和制度原因,结果表明,目前的生态保护政策与农户经济行为存在两个基本矛盾。应用系统动力学模型,对禁牧政策下不同放牧程度情景的沙漠化过程进行了模拟研究,结果表明,随着禁牧程度的增强,沙漠化面积呈明显的递减趋势,当禁牧程度达到30%,沙漠化开始由发展变为逆转趋势,而当禁牧程度超过40%,禁牧对沙漠化逆转的作用基本消失。本项目的研究结论可以促进沙漠化人为因素定量化的基础研究,为盐池县及类似地区的沙漠化防治,构建人与自然相和谐的可持续发展模式提供科学依据。
中文关键词土地沙漠化 农户经济行为 防治模式 宁夏盐池县
英文关键词Land desertification;Household economic behavior;Development pattern;Yanchi county
学科分类0801 - 地理学;08 - 地球科学
资助机构CN-NSFC
项目经费300000
项目类型青年科学基金项目
国家中国
语种中文
来源机构中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
文献类型项目
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/195280
作者单位中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
周立华.基于农户的沙漠化人为驱动机制及其防治模式研究.2006.
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