Climate Change Data Portal
| Hydroecological state of the central part of the Russian plain in the conditions of climate change and economic transformations | |
| 项目编号 | 20-17-00209 |
| Georgiadi Alexander | |
| 项目主持机构 | Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, |
| 开始日期 | 2020 |
| 结束日期 | 2022 |
| 英文摘要 | The considerable changes in climate conditions along with an abrupt transformation of the economic complex in the recent decades have had appreciable and often adverse effects on the environmental conditions of rivers in the especially important central part of the Russian Plain, including the Moscow agglomeration. Because of this, studying the current hydroenvironmental conditions and identifying their changes have a basic scientific character and are of importance for planning measures to improve the hydroenvironmental situation and develop a strategy for water resources management in the future, taking into account the needs of the population and economy and the requirements of environmental protection. In the recent years, considerable efforts were made to assess the effects of the current changes in the climate and economic activity on water resources. Notwithstanding the important results obtained in this field, the problem in general has not been solved. The project is aimed at studying the envoronmental state of water resources of rivers and water bodies in the central part of the Russian Plain (in particular, the upper part of the Volga basin, including the Moskva River, and the basins of the Don and Dnieper), and the initial stages of their formation in the drainage basins of small rivers, which are very poorly covered by stationary hydrological and hydrochemical observations. The planned studies will include assessing the changes in river runoff, its surface and subsurface components, and the hydrochemical regime of rivers and chemical runoff under the effect of climatic and anthropogenic factors. This is of great importance, considering the stressed water-management and hydroenvironmental situation in the region. The studies will be based on both the gages of the permanent Roshydromet observation network and temporary gages organized by project participants in the period of project implementation, starting from the drainage basin areas near water divides and the sources of major rivers. A wide range of hydroenvironmental characteristics will be used. Mean daily, seasonal, and annual characteristics of water runoff, hydrochemical regime and the runoff of dissolved chemicals will be analyzed (about 100 characteristics of the element composition and concentrations of major substances, some of which have been included in the control list of Hydrometeoservice). The planned three-year cycle will include field studies (including field measurements, seasonal hydrochemical surveys, and more detail measurements of the annual water and hydrochemical cycles) and will provide important data, which will extend the data arriving from standard observations at the existing observation network, sparse as it is, and will enable detail analysis of the spatial regularities in the formation of the hydrochemical regime and chemical runoff in rivers in the region. This temporary monitoring network will comprise two parts. One will embrace the gages on the major rivers in the region and on their tributaries and will be aimed to characterize the intraregional (intrabasin) features of seasonal variations of the characteristics of water and hydrochemical regimes, the effect of reservoirs and populated localities (including urban agglomerations) on the hydrochemical regime of rivers. The other part will include observation network on water-balance and runoff stations in the region, as well as nature reserves and other objects (rivers) that show only slight anthropogenic effect. Such observations will considerably extend the available data on the background values of a wide range of hydrochemical characteristics and enable an approach to assessing the hydroenvironmental conditions of river basins based on intraregional background values of the hydroenvironmental characteristics. The factors of the hydroenvironmental conditions to be examined include both the major climatic characteristics (precipitation and air temperature) and a system of anthropogenic factors that have both direct effect on runoff in water bodies (water intake for different economic needs and wastewater discharges, consumptive water use, reservoirs, etc.) and indirect effect on it (agricultural and forestry activities, urbanization of territories, etc.). Estimates of the hydroenvironmental conditions will be based on identifying representative periods with different climate and hydrological conditions and periods with a typical combination and rate of anthropogenic impact. It should be noted that the current climate warming and the abrupt transformation of economy started almost simultaneously in the 1980s–1990s. Since that time, the flood runoff of rivers in the region shows lower water abundance, while the runoff of the summer and winter low-water seasons, conversely, is higher; this has an effect on the hydrochemical regime of rivers. The study will include joint analysis of the hydrological, climatic, and water-management data series with the aim to identify regularities in the space and time variations of the characteristics of water and chemical runoff and to reveal and to give an analytical approximation of relationships between the factors and examined hydrological characteristics with the most recent time taken into account. The study will be based on up-to-date methods, including those proposed and applied by project participants. It will be underlain by the principles of the geographic-hydrological approach (including water-balance calculations, based on long-term observation data at water-balance and runoff gages, and nature reserves) and statistical methods, methods of route expedition studies, analysis of variations of the characteristics of hydrochemical regime and chemical runoff, and hydrological modeling (Георгиади, Коронкевич, Милюкова и др., 2014; Долгов, 2018; Шапоренко, 2018; Даценко, Медведев ГИС, Шашков Mike, Н. Ясинский и др.). +ГИС Медведев ссылки The methods that will be applied have been proven as applied to different regions in Russia. The experience of their application in the two recent decades (including in the preparation of Schemes of Integrated Use and Protection of Water Bodies, and a number of applied projects) enabled the creation of a database, which will also be used in the implementation of the project. An important objective of the study will be the assessment of the hydroenvironmental stress in the region resulting from the quantitative and qualitative depletion of water resources. This will be made with the use of both verified characteristics (references) and conventional natural-background hydrochemical characteristics. A result of the project will be a pioneer integral estimate of the hydroenvironmental condition of the region under changing climate and economy taking into account a wide range of characteristics. It will incorporate (1) long-term phases of variations in the annual and seasonal quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water resources; (2) the level of the intrabasin synchronicity/asynchronicity of changes; (3) the degree of correlation between hydrological–hydrochemical changes and changes in the climate and anthropogenic impact; (4) the regional features of the time variations of the contribution of climatic and anthropogenic factors to the long-term changes in the system of hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics under consideration. The long-term source data on the hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics, including data of field studies during project implementation, the results of integrated assessment of the hydroenvironmental condition of water resources of the region and its changes will be integrated into GIS “Hydroenvironmental Conditions of the Rivers in the Central Region of the Russian Plain.” This will form the basis for anticipated recommendations regarding the strategy for improving the hydroenvironmental conditions of the region. The results of the study will be published in a series of articles in journals included in the WoS and SCOPUS indexing systems. |
| 英文关键词 | Russian plain;basins of the Volga;Moscow;Don and Dnieper rivers;hydroecological state;long-term changes;natural and anthropogenic factors |
| 学科分类 | 08 - 地球科学 |
| 资助机构 | RU-RSF |
| 国家 | RU |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/191725 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Georgiadi Alexander.Hydroecological state of the central part of the Russian plain in the conditions of climate change and economic transformations.2020. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
| 个性服务 |
| 推荐该条目 |
| 保存到收藏夹 |
| 导出为Endnote文件 |
| 谷歌学术 |
| 谷歌学术中相似的文章 |
| [Georgiadi Alexander]的文章 |
| 百度学术 |
| 百度学术中相似的文章 |
| [Georgiadi Alexander]的文章 |
| 必应学术 |
| 必应学术中相似的文章 |
| [Georgiadi Alexander]的文章 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
