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| Transmissivity and streamflow responses to a warming climate in mountainous regions at the rain-snow transition | |
| 项目编号 | P2ZHP2_191376 |
| Kiewiet Leonie | |
| 项目主持机构 | Institution abroad - IACH |
| 开始日期 | 2020-07-01 |
| 结束日期 | 2021-12-31 |
| 英文摘要 | Many mountainous catchments will receive less snow and more rain due to climate change. This shift in precipitation alters the timing and spatial distribution of recharge, and will likely result in an overall reduction of streamflow. Subsurface transmissivity (saturated thickness times hydraulic conductivity) modulates how the rain-snow transition will affect intermittent stream networks. Understanding how transmissivity varies in these regions is crucial if we are to understand how future precipitation inputs will affect the persistence of streamflow, especially for regions where intermittent streams provide the majority of the water to downstream perennial streams. A change in the distribution of effective precipitation (the sum of rainfall and snowmelt) due to a change from highly spatially variable snow depth to more spatially uniform precipitation will likely affect in which parts of the catchment recharge is larger than the soil moisture deficit and thus affect streamflow. Over the course of this project, I will investigate how the interplay of spatial variations in transmissivity and effective precipitation affect streamflow in mid-elevation mountains at the rain-snow transition. Subsequently, I will test how variations in transmissivity influence the flowing stream network, and how this might change with a shift in precipitation regime. Finally, by comparing the spatial distribution of transmissivity with existing discharge measurements and surveys of the flowing stream network, I will test the hypothesis that stream drying is largely controlled by changes in transmissivity. I will analyse the data already collected at one study site (Reynolds Creek, Idaho) and validate these findings at a coarser resolution for three additional locations. The four sites are all located in the rain-snow transition zone in the western US, and represent a lithological and elevational gradient. I will use existing hydrometric, geophysical and morphological datasets, and in addition will contribute to several short campaigns executed by a team of experts to complement the available data with geophysical surveys. I will investigate the spatial distribution of subsurface transmissivity based on existing data from soil investigations, complemented by the geophysical surveys and subsurface measurements, and compare the spatial patterns of effective precipitation and transmissivity. The proposed work will take advantage of ongoing efforts to model the observed spatial distribution of effective precipitation at Johnston Draw, and will use measurements of near-peak snow cover as an upper limit for spatial variability of snowmelt inputs at the three additional sites. At Reynolds Creek, I will focus especially on the difference between a particularly snowy and a particularly rainy year (2011 and 2014, respectively), which will serve as proxies for present and future climate conditions. The proposed project will advance our understanding of streamflow in mid-elevation mountain regions. It addresses two challenges that are fundamental to understanding the effects of a warming climate on streamflow in these regions: 1. It is unclear how the interplay of spatial variations in recharge and storage affects streamflow at the rain-snow transition, and how this might change with a shift in precipitation regime; 2. The effect of transmissivity on the persistence of the flowing stream network is data-limited, especially under changing precipitation conditions. Increasing the amount of data and knowledge on this topic is important because transmissivity could differentially moderate the effect of changes in effective precipitation in different rain-snow transition systems. |
| 英文关键词 | streamflow; rain-snow transition; spatial variability; snow re-distribution; climate warming; geophysics |
| 学科分类 | 0801 - 地理学;08 - 地球科学 |
| 资助机构 | CH-SNSF |
| 项目类型 | Early Postdoc.Mobility |
| 国家 | CH |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/191106 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kiewiet Leonie.Transmissivity and streamflow responses to a warming climate in mountainous regions at the rain-snow transition.2020. |
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