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DOI	10.1039/c7ee00329c
	"Protrusions" or "holes" in graphene: Which is the better choice for sodium ion storage?
	Yang Y.; Tang D.-M.; Zhang C.; Zhang Y.; Liang Q.; Chen S.; Weng Q.; Zhou M.; Xue Y.; Liu J.; Wu J.; Cui Q.H.; Lian C.; Hou G.; Yuan F.; Bando Y.; Golberg D.; Wang X.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	17545692
起始页码	979
结束页码	986
卷号	10 期号:4
英文摘要	The main challenge associated with sodium-ion battery (SIB) anodes is a search for novel candidate materials with high capacity and excellent rate capability. The most commonly used and effective route for graphene-based anode design is the introduction of in-plane "hole" defects via nitrogen-doping; this creates a spacious reservoir for storing more energy. Inspired by mountains in nature, herein, we propose another way-the introduction of blistering in graphene instead of making "holes"; this facilitates adsorbing/inserting more Na+ ions. In order to properly answer the key question: ""protrusions" or "holes" in graphene, which is better for sodium ion storage?", two types of anode materials with a similar doping level were designed: a phosphorus-doped graphene (GP, with protrusions) and a nitrogen-doped graphene (GN, with holes). As compared with GN, the GP anode perfectly satisfies all the desired criteria: it reveals an ultrahigh capacity (374 mA h g-1 after 120 cycles at 25 mA g-1) comparable to the best graphite anodes in a standard Li-ion battery (∼372 mA h g-1), and exhibits an excellent rate capability (210 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1). In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to uncover the origin of the enhanced electrochemical activity of "protrusions" compared to "holes" in SIBs, down to the atomic scale. The introduction of protrusions through P-doping into graphene is envisaged to be a novel effective way to enhance the capacity and rate performance of SIBs. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017.
英文关键词	Anodes; Density functional theory; Design for testability; Doping (additives); Electric batteries; Electrodes; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; In situ processing; Ions; Lithium-ion batteries; Metal ions; Nitrogen; Secondary batteries; Transmission electron microscopy; Candidate materials; Electrochemical activities; In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM); Nitrogen doped graphene; Phosphorus-doped; Rate capabilities; Rate performance; Sodium ion batteries; Graphene; adsorption; carbon; electrochemistry; equipment component; experimental study; performance assessment; sodium; transmission electron microscopy
语种	英语
来源期刊	Energy & Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/190494
作者单位	Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China; World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan; Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; College of Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia; Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Yang Y.,Tang D.-M.,Zhang C.,et al. "Protrusions" or "holes" in graphene: Which is the better choice for sodium ion storage?[J],2017,10(4).
APA	Yang Y..,Tang D.-M..,Zhang C..,Zhang Y..,Liang Q..,...&Wang X..(2017)."Protrusions" or "holes" in graphene: Which is the better choice for sodium ion storage?.Energy & Environmental Science,10(4).
MLA	Yang Y.,et al.""Protrusions" or "holes" in graphene: Which is the better choice for sodium ion storage?".Energy & Environmental Science 10.4(2017).