气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity

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DOI	10.1039/c7ee02616a
	Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity
	Blankenship T.S.; Mokaya R.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	17545692
起始页码	2552
结束页码	2562
卷号	10 期号:12
英文摘要	Discarded cigarette filters, in the form of cigarette butts, are a major waste disposal and environmental pollution hazard due to mainly containing cellulose acetate which is non-biodegradable; 5.8 trillion cigarettes are smoked worldwide per annum generating >800000 metric tons of cigarette butts. Apart from causing litter, cigarette butts contain contaminants such as toxic heavy metals, which can leach into waterways, potentially causing harm to both humans and wildlife. In an effort to turn dangerous waste into high value products, this study explores the valorisation of discarded smoked cigarette filters/butts. We show that porous carbons derived from cigarette butts, via sequential benign hydrothermal carbonisation and activation, are super porous and have ultra-high surface area (4300 m2 g-1) and pore volume (2.09 cm3 g-1) arising almost entirely (>90%) from micropores. The carbons also have uncharacteristically high oxygen content associated with O-containing functional groups (COOH, C-OH and CO), and show anomalous behaviour with respect to the effect of activation temperature on porosity, the latter being ascribable to the chemical mix present in cigarette butts and their hydrochar products. Due to the combined effects of high surface area, high microporosity and an oxygen-rich nature, the carbons exhibit unprecedentedly high hydrogen storage capacity of 8.1 wt% excess uptake, and 9.4 wt% total uptake at -196 °C and 20 bar, rising to total uptake of 10.4 wt% and 11.2 wt% at 30 and 40 bar, respectively. The hydrogen storage capacity is the highest reported to date for any porous carbons and attains new levels for porous materials in general. This work also raises the question on whether valorisation can solve the intractable cigarette butt problem. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
英文关键词	Biohazards; Carbonization; Chemical activation; Cigarette filters; Heavy metals; Microporosity; Oxygen; Porous materials; Smoke; Tobacco; Waste disposal; Activation temperatures; Cellulose acetates; Cigarette butts; Combined effect; Environmental pollutions; High surface area; Hydrogen storage capacities; Toxic heavy metals; Hydrogen storage; acetate; activation energy; carbon; cellulose; heavy metal; hydrogen; porous medium; smoking; surface area; toxicity; waste disposal; Carbon; Carbonization; Cellulose Acetate; Cigaret Papers; Heavy Metals; Hydrogen
语种	英语
来源期刊	Energy & Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/190366
作者单位	University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Blankenship T.S.,Mokaya R.. Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity[J],2017,10(12).
APA	Blankenship T.S.,&Mokaya R..(2017).Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity.Energy & Environmental Science,10(12).
MLA	Blankenship T.S.,et al."Cigarette butt-derived carbons have ultra-high surface area and unprecedented hydrogen storage capacity".Energy & Environmental Science 10.12(2017).