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DOI	10.1039/c8ee01447g
	How the formation of interfacial charge causes hysteresis in perovskite solar cells
	Weber S.A.L.; Hermes I.M.; Turren-Cruz S.-H.; Gort C.; Bergmann V.W.; Gilson L.; Hagfeldt A.; Graetzel M.; Tress W.; Berger R.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	17545692
起始页码	2404
结束页码	2413
卷号	11 期号:9
英文摘要	In this study, we discuss the underlying mechanism of the current-voltage hysteresis in a hybrid lead-halide perovskite solar cell. We have developed a method based on Kelvin probe force microscopy that enables mapping charge redistribution in an operating device upon a voltage- or light pulse with sub-millisecond resolution. We observed the formation of a localized interfacial charge at the anode interface, which screened most of the electric field in the cell. The formation of this charge happened within 10 ms after applying a forward voltage to the device. After switching off the forward voltage, however, these interfacial charges were stable for over 500 ms and created a reverse electric field in the cell. This reverse electric field directly explains higher photocurrents during reverse bias scans by electric field-assisted charge carrier extraction. Although we found evidence for the presence of mobile ions in the perovskite layer during the voltage pulse, the corresponding ionic field contributed only less than 10% to the screening. Our observation of a time-dependent ion concentration in the perovskite layer suggests that iodide ions adsorbed and became neutralized at the hole-selective spiro-OMeTAD electrode. We thereby show that instead of the slow migration of mobile ions, the formation and the release of interfacial charges is the dominating factor for current-voltage hysteresis. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
英文关键词	Electric fields; Electrodes; Hole concentration; Hysteresis; Ionic conduction; Ions; Lead compounds; Perovskite; Solar cells; Charge carrier extraction; Charge redistribution; Dominating factors; Interfacial charge; Ion concentrations; Kelvin probe force microscopy; Operating devices; Perovskite layers; Perovskite solar cells; atomic force microscopy; electric field; fuel cell; hysteresis; instrumentation; perovskite
语种	英语
来源期刊	Energy & Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/190146
作者单位	MPI for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg University, Department of Physics, Staudingerweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland; Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces (LPI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Weber S.A.L.,Hermes I.M.,Turren-Cruz S.-H.,et al. How the formation of interfacial charge causes hysteresis in perovskite solar cells[J],2018,11(9).
APA	Weber S.A.L..,Hermes I.M..,Turren-Cruz S.-H..,Gort C..,Bergmann V.W..,...&Berger R..(2018).How the formation of interfacial charge causes hysteresis in perovskite solar cells.Energy & Environmental Science,11(9).
MLA	Weber S.A.L.,et al."How the formation of interfacial charge causes hysteresis in perovskite solar cells".Energy & Environmental Science 11.9(2018).