气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Design and evaluation of conjugated polymers with polar side chains as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage in aqueous electrolytes

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DOI	10.1039/c8ee03518k
	Design and evaluation of conjugated polymers with polar side chains as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage in aqueous electrolytes
	Moia D.; Giovannitti A.; Szumska A.A.; Maria I.P.; Rezasoltani E.; Sachs M.; Schnurr M.; Barnes P.R.F.; McCulloch I.; Nelson J.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	17545692
起始页码	1349
结束页码	1357
卷号	12 期号:4
英文摘要	We report the development of redox-active conjugated polymers that have potential applications in electrochemical energy storage. Side chain engineering enables processing of the polymer electrodes from solution, stability in aqueous electrolytes and efficient transport of ionic and electronic charge carriers. We synthesized a 3,3′-dialkoxybithiophene homo-polymer (p-type polymer) with glycol side chains and prepared naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic-diimide-dialkoxybithiophene (NDI-gT2) copolymers (n-type polymer) with either a glycol or zwitterionic side chain on the NDI unit. For the latter, we developed a post-functionalization synthesis to attach the polar zwitterion side chains to the polymer backbone to avoid challenges of purifying polar intermediates. We demonstrate fast and reversible charging of solution processed electrodes for both the p- and n-type polymers in aqueous electrolytes, without using additives or porous scaffolds and for films up to micrometers thick. We apply spectroelectrochemistry as an in operando technique to probe the state of charge of the electrodes. This reveals that thin films of the p-type polymer and zwitterion n-type polymer can be charged reversibly with up to two electronic charges per repeat unit (bipolaron formation). We combine thin films of these polymers in a two-electrode cell and demonstrate output voltages of up to 1.4 V with high redox-stability. Our findings demonstrate the potential of functionalizing conjugated polymers with appropriate polar side chains to improve the accessible capacity, and to improve reversibility and rate capabilities of polymer electrodes in aqueous electrolytes. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
英文关键词	Additives; Electrochemical electrodes; Electrolytes; Energy storage; Glycols; Naphthalene; Polymer films; Redox reactions; Spectroelectrochemistry; Thin films; Aqueous electrolyte; Design and evaluations; Electrochemical energy storage; Electronic charges; Polymer electrodes; Post-functionalization; Solution-processed; Two electrode cells; Conjugated polymers; design method; electrochemical method; electrode; energy storage; polymer; redox conditions
语种	英语
来源期刊	Energy & Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/189939
作者单位	Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KSC Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Moia D.,Giovannitti A.,Szumska A.A.,et al. Design and evaluation of conjugated polymers with polar side chains as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage in aqueous electrolytes[J],2019,12(4).
APA	Moia D..,Giovannitti A..,Szumska A.A..,Maria I.P..,Rezasoltani E..,...&Nelson J..(2019).Design and evaluation of conjugated polymers with polar side chains as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage in aqueous electrolytes.Energy & Environmental Science,12(4).
MLA	Moia D.,et al."Design and evaluation of conjugated polymers with polar side chains as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage in aqueous electrolytes".Energy & Environmental Science 12.4(2019).