气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Scaling Seismic Fault Thickness From the Laboratory to the Field

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DOI	10.1029/2020JB020694
	Scaling Seismic Fault Thickness From the Laboratory to the Field
	Ferrand T.P.; Nielsen S.; Labrousse L.; Schubnel A.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	21699313
卷号	126 期号:3
英文摘要	Pseudotachylytes originate from the solidification of frictional melt, which transiently forms and lubricates the fault plane during an earthquake. Here, we observe how the pseudotachylyte thickness a scales with the relative displacement D both at the laboratory and field scales, for measured slip varying from microns to meters, over 6 orders of magnitude. Considering all the data jointly, a bend appears in the scaling relationship when slip and thickness reach ∼1 mm and 100 µm, respectively, i.e., MW > 1. This bend can be attributed to the melt thickness reaching a steady-state value due to melting dynamics under shear heating, as is suggested by the solution of a Stefan problem with a migrating boundary. Each increment of fault is heating up due to fast shearing near the rupture tip and starting cooling by thermal diffusion upon rupture. The building and sustainability of a connected melt layer depend on this energy balance. For plurimillimetric thicknesses (a > 1 mm), melt thickness growth reflects in first approximation the rate of shear heating which appears to decay in D−1/2 to D−1, likely due to melt lubrication controlled by melt + solid suspension viscosity and mobility. The pseudotachylyte thickness scales with moment M0 and magnitude MW; therefore, thickness alone may be used to estimate magnitude on fossil faults in the field in the absence of displacement markers within a reasonable error margin. © 2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	earthquakes; laboratory analogues; melt lubrication; pseudotachylytes; scaling; source physics
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/187267
作者单位	Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, CNRS UMR 7327, Université d'Orléans, France; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, United States; Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; Sorbonne Université, CNRS-INSU, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris, UMR 7193, Paris, France; Laboratoire de Géologie, CNRS UMR 8538, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ferrand T.P.,Nielsen S.,Labrousse L.,et al. Scaling Seismic Fault Thickness From the Laboratory to the Field[J],2021,126(3).
APA	Ferrand T.P.,Nielsen S.,Labrousse L.,&Schubnel A..(2021).Scaling Seismic Fault Thickness From the Laboratory to the Field.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth,126(3).
MLA	Ferrand T.P.,et al."Scaling Seismic Fault Thickness From the Laboratory to the Field".Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 126.3(2021).